日語「反義形容詞+名詞」格式探究──以「形容詞語素+名詞」與「形容詞連體形+名詞」為主（''Antonym adjective+ noun'' form in Japanese''Adjective stem + noun'' and''Adjective adnominal form + noun''）

日本語における「対義形容詞 +名詞」形式──「形容詞語基 +名詞」と「形 容連体+名詞」を中心に

本論文是日語形容詞語素與名詞的構詞研究及日語形容詞連體形與名詞之搭配詞研究的成果之一。研究對象為反義次元形容詞。首先分別考察形容詞語素與名詞之組配狀況及形容詞與名詞之搭配狀況，然後以「大きい、大（き）、小さい、（さ）」為例，考察形容詞語素及連體形與名詞之組配的實際狀態。所得結論如下:（1）各個日語反義形容詞的「語素+名詞」格式組配狀態不同。（2）反義形容詞組中，表多量的「語素+名詞」格式之數量多於其反義形容詞「語素+名詞」格式的數量。（3）各形容詞的「連體形+名詞」之搭配數量多於「語素+名詞」格式的組配數量。（4）「大きい」「小さい」「大」「小」和名詞所組成的16組格式之組配呈現出不平衡的狀況。其中，由於「小+名詞」格式只有5個用例，因此與其相關的格式不是沒有用例，就是用例的數量極少。（5）即使擁有相同的名詞造語成分，「形容詞連體形＋名詞」和「形容詞語素+名詞」的語意不一定相同。

This paper is a part of the research results on word formation by ''adjective stem + noun'' and''adjective adnominal form+ noun''. The object of consideration is theanti-adjective pair. After considering the word formation states of each ''adjective stem + noun'', Iexamined the collocation formation states of “adnominal form + noun”.Finally, using '' Ookii '' and '' Tiisai '' as examples, I examined the actual situation of formation by combiningstem,adnominal forms, and nouns.The conclusions are as follows.(1)The word formation state of each adjective in the ''stem + noun'' form, which is based on an antonym of adjectives, is different.(2)The number of words in the ''stem+ noun'' of an adjective that represents a large amount is larger than the number of wordsin the ''stem + noun'' of the antonym. (3)The number of collocation formations of ''adnominal form + noun'' of each adjective is larger than the number of word formations of ''stem+ noun''.(4)The formation states of '' Ookii '' , '' Oo(ki) '' ,'' Tiisai '','' Tii(sa) ''and nouns are imbalanced. Since there are only 5 coined words in the '' Tii(sa) + noun'' , the format related to '' Tii(sa) '' is no or few examples.(5)Even though they have the same rear element noun, the meanings of '' adjective adnominal form+ noun'' and '' adjectivestem + noun '' are not necessarily the same.