兩岸高等與技職教育交流探討

The Discussion of Communication in Cross-Strait Higher Education and Technical and Vocational Education

高等教育為台灣孕育高階人才的重要樞紐，現正朝向多元開放發展，2016年入學人數降至19.8萬，較2000年減少2.1萬，占學生總數占比亦由2000年之16.3%降為15.1%。兩岸關係發展的歷史，高等教育始終扮演著重要的角色。兩岸高等教育交流合作實踐，從短期互訪到長期多元化交流，隨著兩岸高校學歷互認進程的持續推進，兩岸高校相互招生得到快速開展。少子化的衝擊及經濟轉型化是當前高等技職教育所面臨之問題，提出三項建議：（1）私立技職校院之政策應提高重視度；（2）平衡對私立普通大學及私立技職校院之補助；（3）教育部應積極主導並推動大學校院之整併。兩岸高等教育合作交流與台灣技職教育發展是習習相關的，兩岸高校科研合作項目和學術刊物的相互認可，定期或不定期召開學術研討會，提升兩岸高校整體學術科研實力和國際影響力。

The higher education is an important key for growing high-level people in Taiwan, which is now on a trend towards diversifying. The number of doctoral students decreased to 198,000 in 2016, 21,000 students less than in 2000. In terms of share of total students, it also dropped from 16.3% in 2000 to 15.1%. The higher education has always played an important role in history of the Cross-Strait relation development. The Practice of communication and Cooperation of Higher Education Between Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, from short-term visits to long-term diversified exchanges, with the continuous progress of the mutual recognition of academic records, leads to fast development of universities’ and colleges’ mutual enrolling Cross-Strait. To cope with the problems higher technical and vocational education are facing, impact of less-children issue and economic transformation, three proposals are presented: (1) the government policy should concern more for private technical and vocational schools; (2) the government policy should concern more for private technical and vocational schools; (3) the Ministry of Education should actively guide and push for consolidation of universities. Cross-Strait higher education cooperation and exchanges are closely related to the development of Taiwan technical and vocational education. Cross-Strait scientific research cooperation projects, mutual academic journals recognition, regular and/or irregular seminars, enhance the overall academic research capacity and international influence of universities Cross-Strait.