印尼的外交政策──兼論「出走」聯合國

Indonesia's Foreign Policy: Also on Its ''Walk Out Off'' the United Nations

印尼自1945年獨立至今的外交政策，在歷任總統的主政下，雖作法有所不同，但均以「獨立」和「積極」為價值核心。本論文在論述時依時序分析蘇卡諾與蘇哈托兩位強人總統的外交主張，前者的「不結盟外交政策」在東、西對抗中求取平衡；後者的「新秩序外交」則在區域政策中尋求務實主義。在後蘇哈托時期的外交作為逐漸以人權、民主、經濟成長、區域合作為訴求。文末筆者分析印尼「出走聯合國」（或是一般用語「退出」聯合國）的外交經驗，作為對比「台灣、中華民國與聯合國」的關係，藉以釐清學理上的誤解。

Since its independence in 1945, Indonesia's foreign policy is based on the core values of ''independence and positiveness,'' although the practices under the presidency of previous presidents are different. This paper first discusses the diplomatic propositions of Sukamo and Suharto in chronological order. The former's ''Non-Aligned Foreign Policy'' strikes a balance between East and West confrontations, the latter's ''New Order Diplomacy'' seek pragmatism in regional policy. In the post-Suharto period, Indonesia's foreign diplomacy gradually has changed the directions to human rights, democracy, economic growth and regional cooperation. At the end of the article, the author analyzes Indonesia's diplomatic experience of ''walk out'' the United Nations as a comparison of the relationship between Taiwan and the United Nations to clarify theoretical misunderstandings