職權式卡其領性犯罪之實證研究

A Practical Study of Khaki Collar Sexual Crimes of Taking the Use of Authority

職權式性犯罪的被害人常基於被害人隱忍、未積極抵抗、被害人畏怖、礙於加害人身分地位、迫於權勢、影響升遷、工作權保障等項而怯於揭露，因而導致犯罪黑數。本研究以1999年至2014年職權式性犯罪（包含職權式性交罪、職權式猥褻罪及職權式性騷擾）第一審判決書計155件為研究樣本進行邏輯斯迴歸，以參照組相對比較後，研究發現：一、役別為實施募兵制前，早期之義務役者，屬於職權式性猥褻犯罪的機會顯著較職權式性交罪之機會低。二、屬於職權式性猥褻犯罪之被害原因，係當被害原因是被害人畏怖、未積極抵抗、被害人隱忍、礙於加害人身分地位、迫於權勢時，其顯著性機會較高。三、職權式性猥褻犯罪在刑期部分，法院判決刑期通常為未滿有期徒刑1年，或是1年至3年。另外，藉由本文研究建議以修復式正義介入職權式性犯罪之可能性、對於現行法令規範進行檢視，並在立法上不妨可思考在軍中建立「吹哨者機制」，強調「身分保密」、「人身保護」及「職務保障」等三面向予以修法，拋磚引玉以喚起國際卡其領生態圈之共鳴。

The victims of duty-based sexual crimes often do not dare to expose offenders because of their forbearance, failed resistance actively and fear. In addition, the perpetrator's status is a great concern for the victims not to reveal the truth, worrying about unjust power to affect their promotion and the protective measures of their right to work. Therefore, this type of crime often leads to black figures. In this study, we regarded 155 case decisions from 1999 to 2014 about duty-based sexual crimes in military (including sexual intercourse, sexual assault, and sexual harassment in office) as our research samples to implement logistic regression. After comparing the study with the reference group, the study found that: First, before the implementation of the military recruitment system, the early compulsory service, the chance of belonging to sexual assault crime was significantly lower than the chance of sexual intercourse. Second, the cause of duty-based sexual assault has an obviously higher chance, when the victims worried about unjust power to affect their promotion and the protective measures of their right to work. Third, regarding the punishment of duty-based sexual harassment, court decisions usually ruled 1 to 3 years of imprisonment. Moreover, this paper's purpose is to use restorative justice to intervene in the possibility of criminality in terms of the power in office, to review existing regulations, and to think in legislation to establish a ''whistleblower mechanism'' in the military, emphasizing three aspects of the law, such as identity secrecy, personal protection and Job security that are used to evoke the resonance of the international khaki collar ecosystem.