福音戒毒在兩岸四地之發展初探

Preliminary Exploration of Gospel Detoxification Development Regarding Four Districts of Cross-Straits

本文旨在勾勒出大陸、香港、澳門及台灣等兩岸四地福音戒毒之樣貌與建立台灣福音戒毒組織一覽表等，並期盼能自歷史的足跡中提出對台灣未來福音戒毒發展之相關討論。研究策略係採文獻整理、以滾雪球方式找到福音戒毒組織、運用電話訪談、通訊軟體line與wechat連結大陸、香港、澳門、及台灣等在地人脈協助確認資料。研究的主要結論：（一）宣教士的戒鴉片煙為福音戒毒之濫觴。（二）福音戒毒之發展四階段，包含1.第一階段：1830－1860年代以英美宣教士社會倡導與醫療戒毒為主之外來力量的萌芽期；2.第二階段：1861－1950年代以「過來人」為主當地教會為輔之本土力量的摸索期；3.第三階段：1951－1990年代以香港晨曦會崛起後，首先定義福音戒毒並建立服務模式之發展初期；4.第四階段：1991年代之後以「過來人」為主的台灣晨曦會，將福音戒毒模式結構化並推廣至美國、加拿大、印度、緬甸、泰國、中國內地、以及英國等地的蓬勃發展期。（三）福音戒毒模式提出一個以靈性為主並兼顧生理、心理與社會健康的戒治模式，為既有的成癮戒治模式增加一個新的視角。最後，本研究也提出在成癮的歸因與態度、戒毒的期程與戒治階段、戒毒費用與人才任用、及福音戒毒模式與具體成效等四方面之結論。

We intend to outline the situations of Christianity involving in Gospel or other kind of detoxification among four districts of Cross-Straits including Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, establish a list of Taiwan gospel detoxification organizations, and discuss future development of Taiwan Gospel detoxification based on the historial track. We have several research strategies: literatures reviewing, finding related gospel detoxification organizations by snowball introducing, telephone interviewing, using communication software such as line and wechat to ask persons who are in Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan to identify the related information. Our conclusions are as follows : 1. Opium quitting through missionaries is the origin of Gospel detoxification。2. There are four stages of Gospel detoxification including (1) The first stage(1830-1860) : It was the date of sprouting primarily coming from the external force, particually the social adovacy and the medical mission of detoxification from Britain and America, (2) The second stage(1861-1950) : It was the fumble period primarily coming from the local force, particually the recovering substance abusers and local churches, (3) The third stage (1951-1990) : It was the initial development period primarily coming from Hong Kong Operation Dawn which initially defined Gospel detoxification and established service models, (4) The fourth stage(since1991 ) : It was the booming period primarily coming from Taiwan Operation Dawn and its recovering substance abusers they have promoted the model of Gospel detoxification to other countries including America, Canada, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Chinese mainland and Britain。3. The model of Gospel detoxification presents a issue of spirituality which brings the existing model of addition treatment a new angle of vision. Finally, we also discussed the factors and attitudes of addition, the period and stage of detoxification, detoxification fee, talent appointment, the model of Gospel detoxification and concrete outcome amomg four districts of Cross-Straits.