尋找消權與充權的距離：醫務社會工作者於督導過程充權經驗之研究

Seeking the Distance between Disempowerment and Empowerment: Research on the Experiences of Empowerment during the Supervision for the Medical Social Workers

醫務社會工作者在高度專業發展的醫療環境中，經常性的感受到消權狀況，會影響到充權弱勢個案及其家庭的能力。故，本研究採質化研究深入訪談八位醫務社工，探討受督者經由督導過程中所感受到的充權經驗，並使其轉化為自身力量的歷程，以作為醫務社會工作督導者對受督者充權策略之參考。研究結果顯示，醫務社工在個案服務、跨專業合作、醫院行政組織三面向感受到消權，經過督導者在受督者個人、醫療團隊、組織階層的充權行為之後，會令受督者產生內在力量、肯定工作價值、轉換思考方向、開始爭取專業平權的四階段充權經驗。最後於研究建議中提出：一、充權知能融入社會工作部門教育訓練課程；二、督導者著重身教示範；三、社工部門更主動積極建立專業地位，在醫院組織內展現社會工作價值；四、專業團體針對醫務工作內容進行集體倡議，促使醫務社工從自我充權邁向集體充權之路。

The medical social workers often feel disempowered at a highly professional development of the medical environment. Also, the situation could affect the social workers’ services to the vulnerable patients as well as their family in the hospitals. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to explore the medical social workers’ experiences of empowerment with his/her supervisors during the process of supervision. The main research questions are to explore how the social workers transform those experiences into their own power; what their supervisors used to shape the strategies of empowerment; what the distances are between the disempowerment and empowerment. This study adopts the qualitative research method and includes in-depth interviews of eight medical social workers to explore their experiences. The results of the study show that the social workers who feel disempowerment at the aspects of casework, teamwork and hospital administrative organization may initiate a fourstage empowerment process. The process includes that the supervisees find the improvement of their inner strengths, recognize the value of social work, rethink the direction of their work and embark on fighting for professional equality as a result of the supervisors’ empowerment conducts. The following four suggestions have been put forward. Firstly, it is suggested that the training programs for the supervisors be integrated into the general education and training courses of the social work department. Secondly, the supervisor is expected to lay great emphasis on his/her own example. Moreover, the social work department should advocate social work professional value within the internal organizations. Lastly, the professional medical social groups seek collective awareness of the medical social work content, in order to promoting medical social workers from self-empowerment to collective struggle for rights.