原住民族少年的生涯興趣與生涯追尋

Sparks and Indigenous Youth's Career Development

本篇論文敘說八位山區原住民族少年的興趣與探索歷程，從少年發展和族群的視角分析這群少年的興趣與生涯發展。請少年描述一件生涯興趣，即「自己覺得重要且喜歡的事情，且這件事帶給他喜悅、動力、目標及方向」。使用主題分析法，少年的興趣過程整理為「生涯興趣和開端」、「追尋過程」兩大主要範疇，追尋過程細分為「釐清興趣」、「探索與練習」、「體悟所需的能力」、「生涯興趣的前景與規劃」、「過程中對自己的認識」、「過程的喜與累」和「重要成人／專業指導」七個次要範疇。研究結果發現生涯興趣不一定都會發展成未來職業，但在生涯興趣的歷程中，少年確實有機會從生涯興趣中體驗到與生涯發展相關的能力感、成就感和自我潛能；然而，原住民族少年可能會傾向於務實，限縮了自己的生涯選擇。本篇論文從實務與政策提出兩點建議，強調少年身邊成人的重要性，並建議政策以「發展」為核心理念，把握青少年階段的發展塑性，讓原住民族少年從興趣過程培養掌握自身發展的內生正向力量。

This article illustrated the stories of eight indigenous youth who lived in the mountain regions of Taiwan. They were asked to describe their sparks in life that were important to them which gave them joy, energy, purpose and direction. Their stories were analyzed using the lens of adolescent development and racial disparity. Using thematic analysis method, their stories was categorized into two main themes: the spark and its beginning and the process of pursuit. The process of pursuit was further categorized into seven sub-themes — clarification, exploration and practice, the ability required, prospect and planning, what they learned about self, the joy and exhaustion involved, and the importance of adults. The results showed that sparks did not necessarily develop into vocational career, but during the pursuit, youth indeed experienced the sense of competency, achievement,and potential that was related to career development. However, indigenous youth tended to be more practical likely limiting their choices in career development. Practical and policy implications are recommended: The importance of adults is stressed. Furthermore, a developmental lens policy framework is stressed as well. Developmental plasticity is a special feature during adolescence. Youth policies with plasticity in mind might foster mastery and inner strengths during indigenous youth's pursuit of sparks leading them toward positive directions in life.