論原住民族土地改革與土地信託之導入

Land Trust in Indigenous Land Reform

從土地信託發展之歷史以觀，土地信託原即有緩和現行法令之嚴苛性，以達成各種社會目的或改革之功能，而本論文所提出原住民族土地導入土地信託之構想，即係側重土地信託之運作彈性及社會改革功能，在確保原住民所有人、使用人不致淪喪其權益之前提下，取道主流社會之資金、技術從事土地開發事業，以防止、治癒該土地上積久成習之違法交易行為，並開創部落經濟新興發展，以促進原住民族土地改革之契機。本文為闡述上開構想，爰就原住民族土地制度規範之缺陷先予檢討，並據以指出當前原住民族土地改革之面向與課題。次則依據土地信託制度運作之功能及特色，分析原住民族土地導入土地信託後，對於解決制度缺陷暨實踐改革理想之實益。再從實務應用之角度，就公、私有保留地信託之發展應用，以實例如住宅建設信託、農地信託、森林信託等，具體闡釋土地信託作為原住民族土地改革工具之構想。

From the history of the development of land trust, land trust have alleviated the rigor of current laws to achieve various social purposes. The idea of applying land trust to indigenous land proposed in this paper is based on the flexibility of operation and the function of social reform of land trust. Indigenous owners and users can use land trust to obtain funds and technology from the mainstream society to engage in land development without losing their rights and interests, to prevent long-standing illegal transactions on the land, to develop new tribal economies, and to promote indigenous land reform. In order to explain the above ideas, this paper first analyzes the defects of the indigenous land system, and points out the current orientation and issues of indigenous land reform. Secondly, according to the function and characteristics of the operation of land trust, it analyzes the merits of land trust in solving the defects of the indigenous land system and in practicing the ideal of reform.