以計畫行為理論探討商家維護場所消防設備堪用之行為意圖

Study of Behavioral Intention Using the Theory of Planned Behavior on Maintenance of Working Conditions at Sites with Fire Safety Equipment

消防設備管理人員於場所消防安全設備之維護究竟有有無積極改善之意圖值得玩味。本研究以計畫行為理論為架構，搭配問卷調查針對場所消防設備管理人員來探討維護場所消防設備之行為態度、主觀規範、知覺行為控制與行為意圖之關聯性。以問卷調查新北市新店區商家消防管理人，共收集168份有效問卷，得到以下成果：雖然有高達78％消防管理人參與過有關消防或公共安全相關訓練，卻有48％並不清楚其場所類別依消防安全設備檢修申報應分為哪類，也有33％不清楚其場所每年消防設備依法應檢修申報的頻率，顯見有些消防設備管理人員在消防設備管理維護認知上是不專業的。在行為態度面，消防管理人多數同意維護場所消防設備堪用是可帶來眾多優勢；在主觀規範面，消防管理人也多數同意維護場所消防設備堪用上也多會依從其他專業對象之意見；在知覺行為控制面，消防管理人也多數同意會影響維護場所消防設備堪用的決定因素。然而面對經常性地維護自身場所消防設備堪用卻是持保留態度，卻也不太積極。管理人員之年齡、教育程度及場所身份對知覺行為控制有非常顯著的影響，但對行為態度、主觀規範均無顯著的影響。

Maintaining fire safety equipment at sites with or without positive intentions is crucial for fire safety management personnel. In this study, the theory of planned behavior was used as a framework, and a questionnaire survey was conducted for fire equipment managers in Sindian District, New Taipei City to investigate the relationship between ＂behavioral attitude,＂ ＂subjective norm,＂ ＂perceived behavioral control,＂ and ＂behavioral intention＂ and maintenance of working conditions at sites with fire safety equipment. A total of 168 valid cases were collected, and the questionnaires were analyzed using narrative and inferential statistics. Up to 78% of fire safety management personnel participated in fire safety- or public safety-related training; however, 48% did not have clarity regarding the classification of their maintenance sites in terms of inspection, repair, and registration regulations, and 33% did not have clarity regarding the frequency of annual fire inspection, repair, and registration for their maintenance sites. This indicated that most fire safety management personnel were rather unprofessional regarding their duty of maintaining fire safety equipment. Concerning ＂behavioral attitude,＂ the majority of fire safety management personnel agreed that proper maintenance of working conditions at sites with fire safety equipment can be highly advantageous. Regarding ＂subjective norm,＂ the fire safety management personnel also agreed to follow the opinions of people from other professions regarding the maintenance of working conditions at sites with fire safety equipment. Regarding ＂perceived behavioral control,＂ most fire safety management personnel also agreed with those determinant factors regarding the maintenance of working conditions at sites with fire safety equipment; however, they had reserved attitudes and were not sufficiently positive regarding the cost of regular maintenance of working conditions at sites with fire safety equipment. Only personnel age, education level, and identity of working place considerably affected ＂perceived behavioral control,＂ but they had no considerable effect on ＂behavioral attitude＂ and ＂subjective norm＂.