「情」之魔力——梁啟超文學變革的救國之道

The Magic of ＂Emotion＂–Ways to Save the Nation in Liang Qichao's Literary Revolution

本文旨在重估「情」之於梁啟超文學變革的定位與評價。梁啟超的文學思想約略可分為前、後二期：前期著重文學的社會功能；後期則關懷文學的情感中心。然而，若重新細讀〈吾今後所以報國者〉（1915年），梁啟超自言：「吾二十年來之生涯，皆政治生涯也。……吾之作政治譚也，常為自身感情作用所刺激，而還以刺激他人之感情。」政治譚本屬社會功能，卻同時受情感所刺激，並且刺激他人，由此可知，前期著作並非僅以社會為依歸，此中亦包含情感因素。本文擬以「情」為主軸，自晚清報刊的論述（「病體中國」的隱喻）與影響談起，連結梁啟超的文學變革（詩界革命、文界革命、小說界革命），探究其所謂「筆鋒常帶情感，對於讀者，別有一種魔力焉」箇中體現的閱讀效應及書寫策略，亦期提供研究梁啟超的另一面向。

This paper aims to reassess the evaluation of ＂Emotion＂ in Liang Qichao's literary revolution. Liang Qichao's literary thoughts can be divided into the two stages: social function of literature in the early stage; emotional center of literature in the later stage. However, if we reread ＂I will report to the country in the future＂ (1915), Liang Qichao said: ＂My career in the past 20 years was a political career.... My political works were often stimulated by my own emotions, and also stimulated the others' emotions.＂ Politics was a social function, but these works were also stimulated by himself and the others. It can be seen that the works in the early stage were not only based on society, but also included emotional factors. This paper focuses on ＂Emotion＂ from discussing the newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty (the metaphor of ＂Disease China＂), and links to Liang Qichao's literary revolution (revolution in poetry, revolution in literature, revolution in novels). Then, we analyze Liang Qichao called himself: ＂I often write with emotions, there is a kind of magical power for readers, ＂ which reflected the effects on reading and his writing strategy. It also explores a new interpretation to study Liang Qichao.