未曾接觸過抗病毒藥物之愛滋病毒感染者病毒抗藥性趨勢

Drug Resistant HIV-1 virus in Treatment naive HIV-1 infected Patients

自從愛滋病抗病毒藥物開始廣泛使用後，愛滋病成為可控制的慢性病。然而抗藥性病毒株隨即於愛滋病抗病毒藥物上市不久後出現，隨著廣泛使用愛滋病抗病毒藥物合併療法後，新發現具有抗藥性的愛滋病毒株的比例也愈來愈高，特別是在非核甘酸反轉錄?抑制劑抗病毒藥物。本文將帶領讀者了解愛滋病抗病毒藥物治療的原則、愛滋病毒產生抗藥性的機轉、實驗室測定抗藥性的方法，以及在台灣地區未服用抗病毒藥物的愛滋病患者感染帶有抗藥性的愛滋病毒的流行病學現況，希望能讓從事傳染病通報與感染管制的醫療同仁能深入了解愛滋病毒與抗藥性現況及未來趨勢。

Human immunodeficiency virus infection could be controlled after combination antiretroviral therapy. Drug-resistant strains of HIV-1 emerged soon after antiretroviral therapy was introduced. With the widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy, the rate of resistance has increased rapidly, especially to and non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (nNRTIs). The antiretroviral therapy principle, antiretoviral drug resistance mechanism, laboratory techinique and trends of drug resistance in Taiwan were reviewed in this report.