潘重規先生的詩經學

Mr. Pan Chonggui's Study of the Book of Songs

《詩經》在清朝經過陳啟源、胡承珙、馬瑞辰、陳奐等四大家的研究，無論是詩歌內容的論述或名物訓詁方面，都有輝煌的成就。民國八年（1919年），中國發生企圖推翻傳統文化的五四運動，其聲浪如排山倒海而來，經學也面臨前所未有的嚴峻考驗。章太炎、黃季剛先生等學者在西學高張，國學沒落的惡劣的環境下，全力弘揚傳統文化，不遺餘力。章黃之學的林尹、高明、潘重規等三大弟子隨著國民黨政府播遷臺灣，其中以潘重規先生對於《詩經》鑽研最精。潘先生不僅全力維護《詩經》的經學地位，並且澄清《詩序》存廢等重要問題，鞏固了漢學家考據學的特色。同時，他充分利用敦煌學術資料，將六朝時期的俗體字以及唐朝的手抄資料與《詩經》互相比較，《詩經》之學於是邁入更寬廣的道路。本篇針對潘重規先生在《詩經》方面的學說做一探討，期能合理評估其成就與貢獻。

The Book of Songs was studied by Chen Qiyuan, Hu Chengjuan, Ma Ruichen and Chen Huang in the Qing Dynasty. It has made brilliant achievements in both the content of poems and the exegesis of names and objects. In 1919, the May 4th Movement which attempted to overthrow traditional culture took place in China. Its momentum was so great that Confucianism faced unprecedented severe challenges. Scholars such as Zhang Taiyan and Huang Jigang spared no effort to carry forward traditional culture in the harsh environment of the invasion of Western academics and the decline of Chinese academics. Three disciples of Zhang Huang's studies, Lin Yin, Gaoming and Pan Chonggui, moved to Taiwan with the Kuomintang government. Among them, Mr. Pan Chonggui studied the Book of Songs best. Mr. Pan not only spared no effort to maintain the status of the Book of Songs, but also clarified the important issues such as the preservation or abolition of the Preface of Poetry (Shixu), which consolidated the characteristics of sinologists' textual criticism. At the same time, he made full use of Dunhuang academic materials, that is to say, to compare the popular characters of the Six Dynasties and the handwritten materials of the Tang Dynasty with the Book of Songs, so that the study of the Book of Songs entered a broader road. This article aims at discussing Mr. Pan Chonggui's theory on the Book of Songs in order to evaluate his achievements and contributions reasonably.