十八世紀的江南治理與總督任用－－以尹繼善為中心

Yengišan and the Governance of Jiangnan in Eighteen Century

清朝如何在江南鞏固統治，是明清史領域關心的議題。順治、康熙兩朝在江南引起的政治動盪較為激烈，致使學界討論大多集中該時期。到雍正、乾隆兩朝，政治抗爭看似少了很多，但潛在之吏治、抗官、賦稅、治河等問題，在皇帝眼中仍然沒有減少。本文以雍乾兩朝的兩江總督尹繼善（1694－1771）為中心，討論兩朝如何任用、塑造兩江總督的形象，調處江南的治理問題，並共同營造出江南盛世的秩序與記憶。總督能夠調解各方利益，營造一個理想的治理秩序，因而尹繼善及其時代成為江南社會、朝廷緬懷的盛世表徵。

How did Manchu conquer and integrate Jiangnan into their political organization? This is a important issue for Qing history scholars. From 1644 to 1735, Jiangnan society and government officials suffered from an obvious political crisis. Therefore, this issue and span of time became a focal point for academic discussion. Although the political situation was not overtly dangerous during either the Yongzheng or Qianlong periods, in the emperors' opinion, the crisis in Jiangnan never ceased. This article attempts to describe how the emperors and Yengišan created an adequate appointment of governor-generals and governance policy for Jiangnan. Yengišan made for a sure balance of power between government and Jiangnan society. After Yengišan passed away, he has since been considered one of the greatest governor-generals in the Qianlong period.