漢語系接尾詞「的」之一研究──與外來語詞根結合之派生詞為主

An Analysis of Kango Suffix 'TEKI'-Mainly about the Derivatives Combining with Loanword Base-

截至目前為止，有關漢語接尾詞「的」之研究大多主要是探討［漢語+的］型態（如「傳統的」等）的派生詞，然而近來如「カリスマ的」之類的「的」與外來語所結合之派生詞語例也不少。因此，本篇論文主要以這些新生的［外來語＋的］型態的派生詞為研究對象，藉由比較對照傳統固有的［漢語＋的］派生詞，探討分析[外來語＋的]型態的派生詞其語意用法及構詞方面的特徵。透過本篇論文的分析，了解到[外來語+的]型態的派生詞與傳統的［漢語＋的］派生詞相同，主要是集中於［屬性限定用法］以及［比喻用法］，然而也確認了所謂的新用法──［屬性評價用法］確實逐漸成為一般用法的趨勢。而關於外來語詞根的構詞性質，本篇論文從品詞、語意範疇及語意的評價性等三個觀點來分析，了解到：［外來語＋的］派生詞與傳統的［漢語＋的］派生詞不同，其外來語詞根乃屬於固有名詞、具體概念之詞居多;而這種性質的外來語詞根在與接尾詞「的」結合時，會經過抽象化‧概念化的過程，使得語意內容模糊曖昧化，以修飾‧限定、比喻、評價後接的名詞。而此一［外來語+的］派生詞之特徵，其背後是因為現代日人在與人溝通時經常採取委婉說法的態度（euphemism）所致。

So far, examinations of kango suffix TEKI” have been mostly about ”Kango+TEKI”,such as ”DENTOU TEKI”.However, the examples of ”TEKI” combining with loanword such as ”KARISUMA TEKI” are getting more recently. In this article, the ”Loanword+TEKI” derivatives which is considered newly than the ”Kango+TEKI” derivatives will be discussed; further, the characters of its semantic usages and word formation will be illuminated by comparing with the ”Kango+TEKI” derivatives. By this article, the ”Loanword+TEKI” derivatives are the same as the ”Kango+TEKI” derivatives for they are mostly the attribute limited usages and metaphorical usages. However, it can be identified that the so-called new usage, attribute limited usage ,is getting more and more common in general usages. In addition, the word formation of loanword base is analyzed by three viewpoints: part of speech, semantic category, and the evaluation of meaning. Then, we found that ”Loanword+TEKI” is different to the traditional ”Kango+TEKI”, and the loanword base which shows a proper noun or a concrete idea is more. Further, when the loanword base combines with ”TEKI”, it goes through a process of abstraction, summarization, and makes the meaning vague, ambiguous to give it a similitude, modify, restrict and evaluate the follow-up word. Behind the characters of loanword base derivatives lies the euphemism, which is a way that modern Japanese take when communicating with others.