嚴格控制下的激情、監督與淡定：中國大陸網站人肉搜索行為之理論建構探討

Alternative Power and Surveillance under Strict Internet Control: The Theoretical Study of the Human Flesh Search Forum in China

雖然中國大陸有著嚴格的網路管制，但是人肉搜索卻有著獨特的網民權力及相互的人際監督，這些多元議題討論將網路時代中國公民參與度提升到新的層次。而在人肉搜索網友共同參與過程中表現出的集體行為，更顯現出其在網路時代傳播論點的特殊性，包括呈現去中心化的沉浸式參與、法不責眾圍觀下的集體行動、非理性導向的沉默螺旋，以及非對稱性的網路世界權力分配現象，進而建構成一種多數人監督少數人的相互監控監獄理論架構。與中國舉世皆知的網路嚴格管制措施所呈現的少數人監督多數人情形相比，人肉搜索網路討論過程中，顯現出的相互監控監獄圖像恰為對比，大異其趣的人肉搜索網路集體行動儼然成為一項傳播理論上相當獨特的群體監督行為，也展現其網路傳播理論建構的價值性。

China has implemented a strict system of Internet regulations. However, the Human Flesh Search Forum (HFSF) has encouraged a new cyber culture of citizen participation and information exchange, that attracts decentralized, diverse, private, and grassroots virtual communities. In this exploratory analysis, we applied the notions of crowd-sourcing, panopticon, and synopticon to examine methods by which unrelated citizens collaboratively conduct cyber surveillance as part of the central surveillance system. After analyzing the forum, the results suggest that collective cyber surveillance creates the phenomena of decentralized, immersive participation; a nonrational spiral of silence; and an imbalanced distribution of power between interactions in this digital age.