夫妻間支持授受及其影響

The Influence of Provided and Received Supports among Taiwanese Married Couple

本研究從夫妻個人層次及對偶層次探討臺灣夫妻間相互提供與接受的支持，並探討夫妻親密情感與婚姻品質是否因夫妻間支持授受類型而有差異。以452對臺灣夫妻為對象，主要變項為夫妻彼此間的支持提供度與接受度、夫妻親密情感、婚姻品質等三大類變項。結果顯示，首先，丈夫或是妻子若自覺獲益較多（接受度高於提供度），其婚姻關係較佳。其次，夫妻支持授受類型可分為「夫損妻益型」、「夫益妻損型」、「雙益型」及「雙損型」四類。再者，對夫或妻個人而言，「夫益妻損型」的丈夫對婚姻最為滿意、「夫損妻益型」的妻子也對婚姻最為滿意，「雙損型」則不論丈夫或妻子，均對婚姻最不滿。最後，在夫妻對偶層次，「夫益妻損型」與「夫損妻益型」的夫妻親密情感及婚姻品質最佳，其次為「雙益型」，整體婚姻最差者為「雙損型」的夫妻。這些結果展現了文化與社會變遷的特色對臺灣夫妻間支持的作用。

This paper examined the received and provided supports between married couple from both individual- and couple- level point of views, and evaluated whether marital intimacy and marital quality of couples differ by their support- receiving and providing pattern. The analyzed data are from 452 Taiwanese married couples. The analysis of variance, latent class analysis, and hierarchical linear model are utilized to analyze the data. Results indicated that those who received more support than provided reported higher marital intimacy and better quality, either for wives or for husbands. By using the latent class models, the patterns of couples' support received and provided were identified four distinct groups, named 'husband-underbenefited and wife-overbenefited couple,' 'husband-overbenefited and wife-underbenefited couple,' 'dual overbenefited couple' and 'dual underbenefited couple.' From the individual point of view, both the wives who belong to 'husband-underbenefited and wife-overbenefited couple' and the husbands who belong to 'husband- overbenefited and wife-underbenefited couple' reported the highest marital intimacy and best quality, respectively. Either wives or husbands who belongs to 'dual underbenefited couple,' however, reported the lowest intimacy and worst quality. Finally, from the couple point of view, while 'husband-underbenefited and wife-overbenefited' or 'husband-overbenefited and wife-underbenefited' couples showed the best marital quality, the 'dual underbenefited' couple showed the worst marital quality. The results implied that the couple interaction in terms of support received and provided and its effects on marital relationship in the Taiwanese families exhibit its cultural distinction which is different from those found in the western societies.