大學生親子三角關係類型與親密關係適應之研究

The Relationship between Types of Parent-Child Triangulation and the Adjustment of Intimate Relationship for College Students

本研究旨在拓展親子三角關係之向度意涵及測量，藉以區辨親子三角關係之類型，並探討其與大學生親密關係適應間的關聯。有效樣本為台北縣市十所公私立大專院校之大學生445人。研究結果顯示，親子三角關係包含「跨世代聯盟」、「支持式迂迴」、「攻擊式迂迴」、「親職化」等四個向度，關係適應則分成「滿意成長感」、「衝突矛盾感」、「自主彈性感」等三個層面。透過集群分析後（cluster analysis）發現男女大學生的親子三角關係均可區分為「子擔親職」、「不即不離」、「糾結共依」三類型。將近三成的大學生不以任何形式介入父母衝突時的親子三角關係，約七成的大學生以不同程度的形式介入親子三角關係，其中男女大學生各有三成二及兩成四的比率，是以乖小孩的親職化角色介入父母婚姻衝突，而較不以惹事生非的問題小孩出現；雖然女大學生比男大學生更容易介入父母的婚姻衝突，但男大學生整體的親密關係適應反而較為不佳。「不即不離型」的男女大學生，並未因劃清人我界限而有較佳的親密關係適應；反倒是「子擔親職型」的男女大學生展現較佳的「自主彈性感」及較低的「衝突矛盾感」，此結果似乎也反映了「關係中的自我」在華人文化中的特色。最後，筆者亦針對親子三角關係類型與親密關係適應在未來研究上的啟發，提出討論與建議。

The purpose of this study was to reconstruct the concepts of triangulation between parent-child interactions, and to obtain the new types of triangulation. It was also to explore the relationships between triangulation and the adjustment of intimate relationship. 445 college students from ten universities in Taipei area were recruited. The measurements of "Parent-Child Triangulation Scale" and "Intimate Relationship Accommodation Scale" were utilized to investigate the subjects. Statistical methods of cluster analysis was applied to analyze the data. Results indicate that three types of triangulation, namely, "Parentification", "Avoidance/Distance" and "Enmeshment/Dependence" were derived both for male and female college students. Although male college students perceived more parental conflict, female college students reported better adjustment of intimate relationship. Surprisingly, those who without the reactions of coalition, scapegoating and parentification did not show better adjustment as predicted. However, those who involved parental conflict and identified as parentified children perceived the better feeling of autonomy and flexiability. The effects of the indigenous psychology and practical implications were also discussed.