實用智能、緣分信念與心理健康、工作表現之相關：以幼兒教師為例

The Relationship among Practical Intelligence, Yuarn-Feng Beliefs, Mental Health and Job Performance for the Preschool Teachers

本研究以幼兒教師為對象，旨在探討實用智能、緣分信念與心理健康、工作表現的因素結構，以及實用智能、緣分信念與心理健康、工作表現之間的關聯。我們以高雄地區302名幼兒教師為研究對象，利用「幼兒教師情境判斷評量問卷」、「幼兒教師緣分信念量表」、「幼兒教師心理健康量表」、「幼兒教師工作表現量表」蒐集實證資料，蒐集所得實證資料透過驗證性因素分析，來釐清幼兒教師實用智能、緣分信念與心理健康、工作表現的因素結構。研究發現實用智能包含「適應環境」、「塑造環境」、「選擇環境」三種能力；緣分信念包含宿命業報的「緣」和操之在我的「分」兩種歸因方式；心理健康包含「幸福記憶」、「快樂情緒」、「圓通自如」三種積極正向心理素質；工作表現包含謹守本職工作的「角色內行為表現」，額外奉獻付出的「角色外行為表現」兩種表現層面。而積差相關分析結果顯示幼兒教師實用智能與工作表現有顯著正相關，幼兒教師的「緣」歸因取向與心理健康有顯著正相關，「分」歸因取向與工作表現有顯著正相關。無論如何，根據結構方程模式分析的結果，幼兒教師實用智能、緣分信念影響心理健康、工作表現的假設模式尚可接受，實用智能和緣分信念皆可直接影響心理健康、工作表現，亦可透過心理健康再間接影響工作表現。其中實用智能對工作表現的影響力較大，緣分信念對心理健康的影響力較大。

This study is aimed at exploring relationship among preschool teachers' practical intelligence, Yuarn-Feng beliefs, mental health, and job performance. Face to face questionnaire survey is conducted with 302 preschool teachers from Kaohsiung City and Kaohsiung County. The major instruments for this study are preschool teacher situational judgment questionnaire, Yuarn-Feng beliefs scale, mental health scale, and job performance checking scale. The obtained data is analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), product-moment correlation, and structural equation modeling (SEM). According to confirmatory factor analysis, preschool teachers' practical intelligence includes abilities to adapt, shape, and select their environment. Preschool teachers' Yuarn-Feng beliefs includes Yuarn attribution (fatalism) and Feng attribution (will-power) about real life. Preschool teachers' mental health includes wellbeing memory, happy emotion, and compatibility for psychological condition. Preschool teachers' job performance includes in-role and extra-role behavior in working setting. Based on productmoment correlation, we find that preschool teachers' practical intelligence is positively correlated with job performance, Yuarn attribution is positively correlated with mental health, Feng attribution is positively correlated with job performance. However, structural equation modeling analysis shows data fit our hypothesized model quite well. In other words, mental health, job performance of preschool teachers is significantly influenced by their practical intelligence, Yuarn-Feng beliefs.