工作與家庭的雙向增益：前因、後果及互依我的調節作用

The Bi-directional Enrichment of Work and Family: Antecedents, Consequences, and Interdependent Self as a Moderator

本研究旨在探討職家增益之前因（工作資源、家庭資源）、及其後果（工作滿意、家庭滿意與個人幸福感）。其中職家增益可分為工作對家庭增益（work-family enrichment, WFE）與家庭對工作增益（family-work enrichment, FWE）等二方向。更重要的，本研究亦探討個人自我觀之「互依我」對工作資源、家庭資源與職家增益（WFE、FWE）的調節效果。本研究的樣本為全職工作者，共計283份有效樣本。研究結果發現：工作資源中的主管支持及家庭資源與職家增益有正向關係。WFE能預測工作滿意，FWE能預測家庭滿意，WFE與FWE都能預測個人幸福感。「互依我」可以調節工作資源中的非正式工作彈性對職家增益的影響。同時，「互依我」也可以調節家庭資源對職家增益的影響。

The present study systematically examined antecedents (work resources, family resources), consequences (work satisfaction, family satisfaction, happiness), and the moderator (interdependent self) of work-family enrichment (WFE) and family-work enrichment (FWE). Structured questionnaires were used to survey full-time employees, and 283 were returned. Work resources (supervisory support) and family resources were positively related to WFE and FWE. WFE was related to increased work satisfaction, and FWE was related to increased family satisfaction. Both WFE and FWE positively affected happiness. More importantly, interdependent self buffered the effect of work resources (flexible leave) on WFE and FWE, while interdependent self also buffered the effect of family resources on WFE and FWE.