新婚前三年夫妻婚姻滿意度的變化與其影響因素

The Nature and Predictors of Changes in Marital Satisfaction over the First 3 Years of Marriage

本研究目的是描述夫妻婚姻滿意度在新婚前三年間的變化，主要探討婚姻互動（親密互動、負向行為）及脈絡因素（與配偶家人關係）與婚姻滿意度變化軌跡的關聯性，並檢視配偶行為對自己婚姻滿意度的影響。本研究使用台北市128對夫妻結婚後三年的縱貫性資料，並結合成長曲線模式及對偶分析進行檢視。結果發現，新婚夫妻第一年的婚姻滿意度最高，此後就隨著時間呈直線下降；新婚夫妻婚姻滿意度的變化主要是受到親密互動及自己與配偶家人關係三年中變化的影響，與此二因素第一年的情況沒有關聯，此結果符合「同步變化」假設的論述。對丈夫而言，第一年配偶負向行為與當時自己的婚姻滿意度沒有關聯，但配偶負向行為的變化會影響自己婚姻滿意度的變化；對妻子來說，第一年配偶的負向行為與當時自己的婚姻滿意度有顯著關係，但自己負向行為的變化才是影響其婚姻滿意度變化的重要因素，顯然丈夫負向行為對妻子是立即性的影響，而妻子負向行為對丈夫則是長期性的影響。不論是第一年的情況或三年的變化，丈夫婚姻滿意度都會受到自己與岳家關係及妻子與婆家關係的影響；而妻子婚姻滿意度只與婆家關係有顯著關連。由此可知，只要妻子與婆家家人保持良好關係，對夫妻雙方的婚姻滿意度皆有正面的影響。

This study estimated the trajectory of change in marital satisfaction for newlywed couples over the first 3 years of marriage. In addition, this study examined the longitudinal relationships among marital interaction (intimate interaction and negative behaviors), relationships with in-laws, and marital satisfaction, as well as spousal influences in such longitudinal relationships. A total of 128 newlywed couples from Taipei City provided 3 waves of data, which were analyzed by conducting growth curve modeling. Both the husbands and wives examined in this study began their trajectories of change at relatively high levels of marital satisfaction but showed a linear decline over time. The changes in newlywed marital satisfaction were mainly associated with the changes in intimate interaction and the relationships with in-laws rather than with the initial conditions of those factors. These results were consistent with the prediction of the reciprocal change hypothesis. Whereas the wives' negative behaviors were not associated with the initial state of the husbands' marital satisfaction, changes in wives' negative behaviors predicted those in husbands' marital satisfaction. However, although the husbands' negative behaviors affected the initial state of the wives' marital satisfaction, timevarying negative behaviors of the husbands were not associated with the changes in wives' marital satisfaction. This showed that the partner effect of negative behaviors on the husbands' marital satisfaction was instantaneous, whereas that on the wives' marital satisfaction was long-term. The initial state and change in the couples' marital satisfaction were associated with the relationships between the wives and their in-laws, indicating that maintaining favorable relationships between the wives and their in-laws had a positive effect on the marital satisfaction of both the husbands and wives.