金融服務貿易國際法律規制的新發展與啟示——以TPP/CPTPP和USMCA為視角

The Latest Development of International Legal Regulation of Trade in Financial Services and Its Inspiration for China–From the Perspective of TPP, CPTPP and USMCA

TPP、CPTPP、USMCA的金融服務規定不僅使金融服務貿易自由化的深度和廣度有所擴展，而且在確保東道國金融管制權以維護金融安全方面規定了充分的保障措施，在順應數字貿易等方面增加了新規定。金融服務貿易國際法律規制的新發展為我國升級談判自由貿易協定提供了很好的經驗借鑒：對金融服務進行專章規定；區別對待通過商業存在和跨境貿易提供的金融服務；增加適應數字貿易發展的相關條款；正確處理信息本地化存儲要求與金融服務提供者開展日常業務必需的信息自由流動之間的關係；在金融服務、投資及跨境服務貿易規定之間進行適當的協調。 As perfect examples of latest development of regional trade agreements, chapters on financial services in TPP, CPTPP and USMCA include updated commitments to further liberalize financial services markets, provide adequate safeguard measures to preserves the discretion of financial regulators to ensure financial stability, and make provisions in response to emerging digital trade issues. Experiences learned from the evolution of these regional trade agreements are as follows: making separate chapter on financial services; treating differently between financial services supplied through commercial presences and cross-border supply of financial services; establishing new rules related to digital trade; making right balance between data localization requirements and free flow of information necessary to financial services; coordinating provisions of financial services and those of investment and cross-border trade in services.