文學家西川滿戰後的日本天后會宗教活動之考察——以《人間之星》為主要分析文獻

The investigation of litterateur Mitsuru Nishikawa' s religious and literary activities after World War II–to analyze ＂LES ÉTOILES DE L' HOMME＂

西川滿是台灣日本統治時代的日人作家中最代表的人物，1930年代至戰後返日，在台灣文壇極為活躍。他終其一生敬慕台灣媽祖，戰後創立日本天后會。本稿的目的是以「文學與宗教」的比較文化研究的概念，從日本宗教社會學的角度，分析文學家西川滿在返日後，從事占卜活動，爾後成立「日本天后會」宗教組織的過程的行動原理。分析資料有二，其一是細述西川滿自己獨特的台灣式占星學以及走向占卜之路的自傳小說《人間之星》。其二是西川滿基於在台灣的媽祖信仰經驗，創立的日本天后會的同名機關誌《人間之星》。 Mitsuru Nishikawa is the most representative Japanese writer in Taiwan during the period under Japanese rule. He was very active in Taiwan's literary circles in 1930s even he came back Japan after World War II. Mitsuru Nishikawa was also a famous divinator. He respected Mazu (one of Taiwan's gods) throughout his life, he created ?The Tanhou Kai? (the organization of Mazu's believers) in Japan. The structure of this article based on the aspect of comparative culture ?literary and religion?, the purpose is to interpret Mitsuru Nishikawa's motivation of his arts of divination and the consideration of his creation of religion organization. And moreover, to investigate the faith from divination to creation of religion organization. This article was extracted from two major sources. One is Mitsuru Nishikawa's autobiography 《LES ?TOILES DE L'HOMME》, a novel which described Taiwanese astrology and how he developed this astrology to his divinatory profession. The other one also called 《LES ?TOILES DE L'HOMME》, official publications of ?The Tanhou Kai?.