從「鄉土」到「本土」——彭瑞金台灣文學本土論的建構脈絡

From ''Local Literature'' to ''Nativist Literature'': Context Behind Peng Ruijin's Taiwan Nativist Literary Discoure

彭瑞金自七○年代後期對台灣鄉土文學作家做深入探析與評論後，集結出版《泥土的香味》（1980）。在這本書中針對五、六○年代「傳統鄉土派」作家如鍾肇政、李喬等的研究，使他建立了得以從「鄉土文學」延伸到日後建構「台灣文學本土論」的立論根基。他認為「鄉土文學」是源於人與土地，是對生命、良知、人的情感愛惡的探索，到了八○年代，彭瑞金把握此核心價值，做為其台灣文學本土論的重要基調，「鄉土文學」也過渡為「本土文學」。再以推動文學本土化來推動與建構「台灣民族文學」，確立了其台灣文學本土論的主體。但彭瑞金也強調，文學與政治必須平行發展，凸顯台灣文學「逆政權」的政治性格，藉此確保台灣文學的純正。 From the 1980s onward, Peng Ruijin investigated and discussed authors of Taiwanese local literature, and his papers on the topic were later compiled and published under the title Fragrance of the Soi (Nitu de xiangwei, 1980). In this anthology, Peng explored traditional local authors active in the 1950s and 1960s, such as Chung Chao-Cheng and Lee Chiao. This served as a basis for him to expand the concept of local literature and construct his Taiwan nativist literary discoure. Peng maintained that local literature is derived from the relationship between people and land, and it explores life and conscience as well as human emotions and preferences. In the 1990s, Peng adopted this core value as the basis for his Taiwan nativist literary discoure, and moreover, his concept of local literature evolved to nativist literature. Subsequently, he promoted localization to compile ''Taiwan's national literature,'' with which he confirmed the subject of his theory. In addition, Peng emphasized that literature must be developed in parallel with politics, his stance highlighting the politically dissident nature of Taiwanese literature, thereby ensuring its purity.