「慈善」與「權利」之間——身心障礙者車船半價優待的爭取過程（1950－1980）

Between Charity and Rights: How Disabled People Fought for Their Transportation Discounts in Taiwan between 1950 and 1980

1980年代末的解嚴和隨後風起雲湧的社會運動，經常被視為台灣社會福利制度從「慈善」發展成「權利」的轉捩點。然而早在1950年代，身心障礙團體已開始不斷向行政部門爭取福利資源，現今身心障礙者權利保障法中的許多福利措施，便是身心障礙團體長期爭取而來的結果。「身心障礙者車船半價優待」是台灣施行最久的福利政策之一，本文將重現與分析該政策之制訂與修正的過程，期盼能更深入瞭解福利制度的轉變過程。 The 1980s are seen as an important era in the transition of welfare for the disabled from traditional philanthropy to civil rights. Many welfare policies and programs for the disabled created after the 1980s, howvever, did not suddenly emerge out of nowhere. Prior to this time, many groups of people with disabilities had fought continuously for the establishment of a more comprehensive social welfare system. Exploring the process by which laws and legal reforms were made concerning transportation discounts in Taiwan between 1950 and 1980, this essay helps us understand more clearly how the welfare system moved from charity to rights during this period.