| 中文摘要 |
因愛滋病逝的劇場鬼才導演田啟元（1964-1996），於1988年與詹慧玲等人成立「臨界點劇象錄」、擔任該劇團藝術總監，近十年的劇場生涯裡共創作、編導了25齣戲，咸認是台灣八○、九○年代小劇場運動的核心人物。田啟元的劇作因衝撞黨國威權體制、挑戰「性」的文化禁忌而廣被視為「前衛」，然而在冷戰分斷體制的持續作用下，他鮮明的左翼反帝旗幟及其蘊含的性／別政治眼界，迄今未被本地學界及同志運動所正視。本文為田啟元的左翼酷兒劇場初探，企圖透過劇作分析、手稿及臨界點前團員訪談，勾勒田啟元的愛滋生命與社會實踐，看他如何在解嚴時刻的歷史當下，以接合「性」與政經批判的史詩劇場介入冷戰國族文化，繼而審視他如何處理婚家體制裡的慾望矛盾、直剖愛滋污名根源。本文將揭示，田啟元不但提出一種批判正典菁英主體養成及冷戰失語精神狀態的異端政治，同時也藉由文化傳統及民俗的再造，反思現代性規範的撕裂暴力，從而在中國文化基體裡提出一套有別於當下新自由主義多元修辭、接納異質性的生命倫理。在亞際文化研究置疑西方現代性的普世暴力、去西方知識殖民之際，田啟元劇場的抗殖左翼政略及倫理探尋為我們提供了許多彌足珍貴的在地思考資源，對眼下的性／別文化研究有著重要的提示作用。
Taiwanese playwright and director Tien Chi-yuan (1964-1996) was a key figure in the Little Theatre Movement, which emerged in response to rapid political liberalization in the post-Martial Law era. Tien co-founded the Critical Point Theatre Phenomenon Troupe in 1988 and went on to produce over twenty plays before dying of AIDS in 1996 at the age of thirty-two. Openly challenging the party-state regime and broaching the cultural reticence around the subject of sex, Tien's theatre is widely regarded as ‘avant-garde', yet, due to the ongoing effects of Cold War division, this label has to date failed to truly reflect the blatant anti-imperialist, socialist thrusts in his major plays. This essay makes a preliminary attempt to carve out Tien's theatre of the queer left. Through reading Tien's plays, manuscripts, as well as interviewing former troupe members, it shows how Tien's epic theatre ventures a sexual critique of the body politic to bring comprador elite subjectivity and Cold War aphasia into sharp relief. Further, it shows how Tien, in his attempts to counter the violence of neocolonial modernity, reinvents the popular within the Chinese cultural tradition to engage questions of desire and the AIDS stigma. Tien's aesthetic experimentations, this essay argues, work through the limitations of identity politics as they gesture toward an alternative ethic of inclusive living, one that is premised on, first and foremost, self-critique. Insistent on the question of decolonization, Tien leaves behind him a powerful spiritual legacy that has profound implications for rethinking the queer and the political in neoliberal times. |
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