我國性侵犯矯治成效評估之研究：再犯風險的病因學觀點

The effectiveness of treatment for sexual offenders: An etiological perspective of recidivism

性侵害矯治成效評估乃我國刑事司法制度中的重要議題。本研究主要目的即是希望從性侵害的病因學觀點出發，透過次級資料分析，檢視國內性侵害矯治獄內治療與社區處遇之成效評估結果，期能對於其性侵犯之矯治成效有全面性之理解，以供後續研究或矯治實務上之參考。研究結果發現：目前針對矯治成效評估之研究，大多著重在團體治療成效上，缺乏對於個別治療成效之評估。其次，針對性侵害再犯危險之遠端發展因子與急性動態因子之矯治成效評估較為欠缺，且相較於獄內治療，社區處遇更加重視加害者急性動態因子之矯治成效評估。此外，部分穩定動態因子與急性動態因子（如：支持犯行的認知、情緒狀態與性衝動的控制等面向）之治療成效仍有許多爭議。最後，我國針對不同類型性侵害加害者之矯治成效評估分析仍付之闕如。綜合前述研究結果，盼能提供相關單位進行性侵犯治療與成效評估以及矯治政策擬定之參考。 The evaluation of sexual offender treatment is important for criminal justice policy. The aim of this paper was to examine existing sexual offender treatment outcome studies, including journal articles and research reports commissioned by the government. The secondary data analysis with applying a detail search procedure was conducted based on an etiological framework. The findings are discussed as follows. First, the evaluations of group therapeutic outcomes are strongly emphasized, however, the treatment results of individual therapy were ignored. Second, the evaluations of the effect for distal and acute dynamic risk factors is insufficient on both treatment model. In contrast to treatment in prison, community-based treatment did reveal a significant emphasis on the effectiveness of acute dynamic risk factor. Furthermore, there is ongoing debate about the effectiveness of stable and acute dynamic risk factors, including offense supportive cognitions, affective state, and sexual impulse control. Finally, due to the lack of the evaluation of the treatment effect for various different types of sexual offender, more studies and practice are needed for improving and examining the quality of treatment. Future directions for improving the effectiveness of sex offender treatment outcome evaluations are discussed.