農產品中17項農藥殘留分析方法之探討

Development of a Multi-Residue Method for 17 Pesticides Analysis in Agricultural Products

本研究採用QuEChERS前處理流程搭配超高效能液相層析串聯質譜儀，針對食品藥物管理署公開之「食品中殘留農藥檢驗方法－多重殘留分析方法（六）」中克美素等15項農藥及MCPA、三氯比（triclopyr），共計17項農藥進行檢驗方法探討及精進。本研究將基質種類區分為蔬果類、高葉綠素類、穀類及茶類4類，分別以蘋果、空心菜、白米及綠茶作為基質代表，利用含檸檬酸鈉及檸檬酸氫二鈉等混合鹽類之萃取粉劑以維持檢液pH值；亦調整茶類淨化粉劑中primary secondary amine含量，以兼顧回收率及淨化效果。確效結果顯示，在蔬果類基質中，回收率介於60－140％之間、變異係數小於20％之農藥品項數有16項、高葉綠素類基質中有15項、穀類基質中有14項、茶類基質中有16項。在定量極限部分，蔬果類、高葉綠素類為0.01 ppm；穀類為0.02ppm；茶類為0.05 ppm，以此方法進行16件市售產品檢驗，結果僅1件紅鳳菜檢出賽滅淨0.036 ppm，符合我國農藥殘留容許量標準。 This study used the QuEChERS sample preparation technique with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to optimize the ＂Method of Test for Pesticide Residues in food-Multiresidue Analysis (6)＂ for determining 15 pesticides and additional two new pesticides, MCPA and triclopyr, to this method. Four types of matrices - fruits, high chlorophyll vegetables, cereals and teas were tested in this study. We modified the content of extract powder, such as sodium citrate, primary secondary amine and disodium hydrogen citrate to maintain the pH of extract and get better extraction performance. We chose apple, spinach, rice and green tea as the representative matrices. The results showed that the recoveries and coefficients of variation of 16 items of pesticide in fruits, 15 in high chlorophyll vegetables, 14 in cereals and 16 in green tea were between 60-140% and less than 20%. In term of quantitative test, the limit is 0.01 ppm for fruits and vegetables as well as high chlorophyll vegetables, 0.02 ppm for cereals, and 0.05 ppm for teas. In this study, 16 market commodity inspections were tested, and only gynura bicolor was detected with 0.036 ppm of cyromazine, which compliants with Taiwan ＂Standard for Pesticide Residues Limits in Food.＂