膠囊與錠狀食品中腺核苷及蟲草素同步分析之檢驗研究

Investigation on the Simultaneous Analysis of Adenosine and Cordycepin for Foods in Capsule and Tablet Form

蛹蟲草（Cordyceps militaris），又稱為北冬蟲夏草或北蟲草，屬菇蕈類食品原料，常見於備受關注之市售菇蕈類保健產品成分標示中，其中功效成分蟲草素（cordycepin）及腺核苷（adenosine）於衛生福利部公告之可供原料一覽表中訂有每日使用限量。本研究配合行政管理之施行，以液相層析儀搭配光二極體陣列檢出器建立食品中腺核苷及蟲草素之同步分析檢驗方法。檢體以去離子水均勻分散，於60℃下超音波振盪萃取30分鐘，續經離心過濾後之檢液，藉由Symmetry Shield RP 18管柱（5μm, 4.6 mm×15 cm），以流速1.2 mL／min之去離子水及甲醇（93：7, v／v）梯度流洗層析，配合光二極體陣列檢出器於波長260 nm進行檢測，可於12分鐘內同步檢測分離度良好之腺核苷及蟲草素。確效試驗結果顯示，同日間腺核苷與蟲草素之低濃度平均回收率分別為101.4及89.7％，變異係數分別為2.0及1.9％，高濃度平均回收率分別為99.1及98.4％，變異係數分別為0.2及0.8％；異日間腺核苷與蟲草素之低濃度平均回收率分別為98.6及89.2％，變異係數分別為4.0及1.9％，高濃度平均回收率分別為97.8及100.1％，變異係數分別為1.8及2.2％，顯示方法之精密度及準確度均符合確效規範。以本研究方法進行市售膠囊與錠狀食品中腺核苷及蟲草素之含量檢測，在每日使用限量的部分，6件蟲草檢體中有1件標示原料成分使用蛹蟲草萃取物，其腺核苷及蟲草素之每日建議使用量均未超出法規訂定之每日使用限量；另1件標示蟲草素含量者，其檢測值大於該項標示值之80％，得視為與標示值相符，其餘檢體皆未標示該2項成分含量。 Cordyceps militaris (bei-chong-cao, northern worm grass) is commonly used in functional foods. The major active compounds of Cordyceps militaris are adenosine and cordycepin, both of them have a daily consumption limit for ingredients listed on the regulation released by Taiwan Food and Drug Administration. In this study, we coordinate the implementation of administrative management to establish the analytical method for adenosine and cordycepin within 12 min. The sample was uniformly dispersed with water and then extracted at 60°C by ultrasonication for 30 min. After centrifugation and filtration, the filtrate was separated by a Symmetry Shield RP 18 column (5 μm, 4.6 × 15 cm) at 1.2 mL/min isocratic elution with water and methanol (93:7, v/v), and detected at the wavelength of 260 nm. The average recoveries of adenosine and cordycepin at the low concentration in Intra-day were 101.4 and 89.7%, and their coefficients of variation were 2.0 and 1.9%, respectively. The average recoveries of adenosine and cordycepin at the high concentration in Intra-day were 99.1 and 98.4%, and their coefficients of variation were 0.2 and 0.8%, respectively. The average recoveries of adenosine and cordycepin at the low concentration in Inter-day were 98.6 and 89.2%, and their coefficients of variation were 4.0 and 1.9%, respectively. The average recoveries of adenosine and cordycepin at the high concentration in Inter-day were 97.8 and 100.1%, and their coefficients of variation were 1.8 and 2.2%, respectively. All results showed that the method had high precision and accuracy. The survey results of six commercial capsules and tablet functional foods were showed that one sample labeled containing Cordyceps militaris extract, and its labeling values and the detected values of adenosine and cordycepin did not exceed the daily consumption limit of the law. One sample contained more than 80% of the labeled value of cordycepin, and not exceed the daily consumption limit of the law. The other 4 samples did not labeled adenosine and/ or cordycepin in their packages.