土石流防災教具協助國小學生土石流防災教育成效之前導性研究

The Prior Research for the Effectiveness of Elementary School Students Use Teaching Kits for Debris Flow Disaster Education

本研究以自編的土石流防災素養量表作為研究工具，研究目的為調查國小學生土石流防災素養的表現及背景變項的影響，並針對學生使用國立科學工藝博物館的土石流防災教具的學習成效進行初探。分為二階段進行正式施測：第一階段施測對象為北、中、南、東部12所國小高年級學生，樣本數553，調查學生的土石流防災素養及不同背景變項下的土石流防災素養表現之差異；第二階段施測對象為二所國小高年級學生，樣本數39，針對學生在操作國立科學工藝博物館所開發的土石流防災教具前後，進行前、後測分析，以瞭解教具協助土石流防災教育的成效。研究結果發現，土石流防災知識大部分高於及格標準，態度、技能表現積極正向；學生的土石流防災知識在不同的背景變項（偏遠與非偏遠地區、參加防災教育活動的次數、是否參加過土石流防災活動、六年級與五年級）的表現均有顯著差異，但關於態度、技能的表現則不會因為其背景變項而有所不同。學生操作土石流防災教具前後，在知識、態度、技能三個面向均有顯著差異，操作後均優於操作前的表現；初步推論教具可有效協助國小學生進行土石流防災教育，達到學習成效。本研究對於後續研究提出建議。 In this study, a self-made debris flow disaster literacy scale was used as a research tool. Thepurpose of the research was to investigate the elementary school students' performance ofdebris flow disaster literacy and the effect of background variables of, and to explore thelearning effectiveness of students’ use of the National Science and Technology Museum’sdebris flow disaster teaching kits. Divided into two stages for official testing: first, the surveywas performed by the students of 12 elementary schools in North, Central, South and EastTaiwan. The sample size was 553. The students were surveyed for their debris flow disasterliteracy and the effect under different background variables. Second, the survey is targetedat 2 elementary schools' students, with a sample size of 39. Before and after the debris flowdisaster teaching kits developed by the Science Museum are used, the students'performance are analyzed before and after the tests to understand the effectiveness of theteaching kits in assisting the debris flow disaster education. The study found that most ofthe debris flow disaster knowledge is higher than the passing standard and the attitude andskills are positive. The student's knowledge of debris flow disaster is significant differentamong different background variables (remote and non-remote areas, frequency ofparticipation in disaster education activities, participation in debris flow disaster activities,sixth grade and fifth grade), but the towards on attitudes, skills will not be because of theirbackground variables. Before and after operating the debris flow disaster teaching kits, thestudents had significant differences in knowledge, attitude and skills, all posttest are betterthan pretest. Obtain preliminary inferences: the teaching kits assist students in debris flowdisaster education with good results. This study presents recommendations for futureresearch.