滾球遊戲教學於智能障礙成人之成效

Efficacy of a Game-mode Bocce Course on Adults with Intellectual Disability

背景：滾球運動是一種簡單、有趣及活動限制少的運動，在國內常見的有地板滾球、法式滾球及特奧滾球（草地滾球）等三種，其中特奧滾球是以智能障礙者為主，因此本研究希望以特奧滾球運動為媒介，藉由遊戲式教學設計介入身心障礙機構，探討針對智能障礙成人的高效益運動促進方式，希望能有助於提升長期住宿在機構中的智能障礙成人的運動機會。目的：本研究目的為藉由滾球遊戲教學設計介入，探討對於智能障礙成人的教學效果。方法：使用實驗組前後測設計，觀察16位受試者於16次滾球遊戲課程介入前後在擲準能力、握力測驗、平衡能力與認知測驗的差異。結果：在滾球遊戲課程完成後，受試者於擲準能力與滾球運動認知測驗上均有顯著提升（擲準能力改善15%，p=0.028，認知測驗改善約45%，p<0.001）；其餘測試則無明顯改變。結論：滾球遊戲教學能有效提升智能障礙成人的滾球擲準能力與滾球運動的認知學習，但未能明顯提升其握力與平衡能力。我們建議應進一步發展與推廣這類型的教學與活動方式，並加強相關的評估方法。 Background: Bocce (lawn ball) is an easy, interesting, and unrestricted game, similar toBoccia and Pétanque, especially in terms of leisure and sport for people with intellectualdisabilities. This study hypothesized that game-mode bocce courses will facilitate thelearning and enjoyment of people with intellectual disabilities. Purpose: The purpose ofthis study is to examine the effects of a set of game-mode bocce lessons on adults withintellectual disabilities. Methods: A one-group pretest-posttest design was employedwith 16 participants. All subjects were instructed and practiced in structured classes.Throwing accuracy, gripping force, standing balance, and Bocce’s cognitives wereevaluated prior to and after the course. Results: After the 16 classes, participants wasfound with a significant improvement in the accuracy test (by15%, p =.028) andBocce’s cognitives of adults with intellectual disabilities (by approximately 45%,p<.001) while other tests results remain similar. Conclusion: The game-mode course has significant better efficacy on Bocce’s cognitives and throw accuracy in adults withintellectual disabilities, but not on other measures such as gripping force and balance.Further development and implementation of suchlike courses, as well as moresophisticated measurements are warranted.