Essential Oil Compositions and Bioactivities of the Various Parts of Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. var. linaloolifera Fujuta

芳樟（Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. var. linaloolifera Fujuta）各部位精油組成分及生物活性之探討

In this study, we used hydrodistillation and headspace GC methods to separate essential oils from the leaves, flowers and twigs of a ”linalool tree” (Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. var. linaloolifera Fujuta) and establish their yields and compositions. Furthermore, the antioxidative and antifungal activities of the oils were evaluated. A total of 68, 77 and 83 compounds were identified respectively from the leaf, flower and twig oils of the tree by the hydrodistillation method, and their yields were 3.94±0.06, 2.77±0.12 and 0.59±0.04ml/100g of the oven-dried (o. d.) materials, respectively. The headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC) method, on the other hand, generated 49, 59 and 65 identified compounds respectively from the leaves, flowers, and twigs of the tree. Yields of essential oil were determined using the multiple headspace extraction (MHE) method and found to be 3.93±0.11, 2.72±0.10 and 0.61±0.03ml/100g of o. d. materials for the leaves, flowers and twigs, respectively. The main compounds based on the 2 methods were similar and those in the leaves and flowers were linalool, and in twigs were linalool, camphor etc. Twig oils showed the highest antioxidant activity, with an IC50 of merely 104μg/ml. As for the antifungal activities, the leaf oil showed the best activity. All 3 oils had excellent capability in suppression wood decaying fungi. Therefore, in addition to being raw materials for producing high-grade fragrance agents, these oils are also applicable to the antioxidant and antifungal purposes and exhibit the multipurpose potential of expanded essential oil applications. 本研究為以芳樟之葉、花及枝等三部位以水蒸餾法及headspace-GC等二方法，萃取精油、分析精油組成分及收率，並評估其抗氧化及抗真菌活性。以水蒸餾法取得之葉、花及枝精油，分別鑑定68、77及83個化合物，收率分別為3.94±0.06, 2.77±0.12及0.59±0.04ml／100go. d.（oven dried）。而以Headspace-GC取得之三部位精油，分別為鑑定49、59及65個化合物，收率之測定以MHE（Multiple headspace extraction）法進行之，其收率分別為3.93±0.11, 2.72±0.10及0.61±0.03ml／100go. d.。而於二法所得精油之主成分均為相似，葉及花部位之主成分為linalool，枝部位為linalool及camphor等化合物。抗氧化活性，以枝部位精油之自由基捉補能力為最強，IC50值僅104μg／ml。抗真菌活性，以葉精油之抑制活性為最佳，而此三部位精油對於木材腐朽菌均具極佳抑制能力。故此三種精油，除可做為高級香料產品外，亦可朝抗氧化及抗真菌等活性產品之應用，以拓展精油之多機能性用途。

本研究為以芳樟之葉、花及枝等三部位以水蒸餾法及headspace-GC等二方法，萃取精油、分析精油組成分及收率，並評估其抗氧化及抗真菌活性。以水蒸餾法取得之葉、花及枝精油，分別鑑定68、77及83個化合物，收率分別為3.94±0.06, 2.77±0.12及0.59±0.04ml／100go. d.（oven dried）。而以Headspace-GC取得之三部位精油，分別為鑑定49、59及65個化合物，收率之測定以MHE（Multiple headspace extraction）法進行之，其收率分別為3.93±0.11, 2.72±0.10及0.61±0.03ml／100go. d.。而於二法所得精油之主成分均為相似，葉及花部位之主成分為linalool，枝部位為linalool及camphor等化合物。抗氧化活性，以枝部位精油之自由基捉補能力為最強，IC50值僅104μg／ml。抗真菌活性，以葉精油之抑制活性為最佳，而此三部位精油對於木材腐朽菌均具極佳抑制能力。故此三種精油，除可做為高級香料產品外，亦可朝抗氧化及抗真菌等活性產品之應用，以拓展精油之多機能性用途。