農田水利會調度水資源之市場結構分析

Market Structure Analysis of the Irrigation Associations Allocation Water Resource

本文以柯諾賽局為基礎，建立台灣農田水利會調度區域水資源之市場結構分析模型，並根據各地農田水利會實際供水系統與調配水成本資料，對台灣各區域農田水利會調度水資源之市場結構進行實證分析。研究結果驗證各區域農田水利會調配水市場結構符合柯諾賽局競爭模式。調度水資源之市場結構，在單一水利會供水區位，為區域性獨占。在相鄰水利會供水系統可連通之區位，水資源需求者可同時向兩家農田水利會調度水資源，台中苗栗區以台中水利會市場力量較強、新竹苗栗區以新竹水利會市場力量稍強，但若遇亢旱缺水時，水資源需求較高則多呈現雙占市場結構。彰化雲林區、雲林嘉南區、嘉南高雄區及高雄屏東區，在邊際願付水價大於等於4元／噸時呈現雙占之市場結構。本研究所建構之理論模型，能計算較為精確的區域水資源調配之市場結構，分析結果可提供水政單位規劃不同乾旱程度下之調配水範圍，並能依此設計更具效率之區域水資源調度機制，同時可作為各地農田水利會多角化經營決策之重要參考，能提供用水者及水政單位更充分之市場資訊，以活化台灣珍貴稀少水資源之調節能力。 This paper intends to analyze the market structure of the regional water allocation markets in Taiwan. This paper modeling Cournot competition in the regional water allocation markets in Taiwan. By theoretical and empirical analysis, we find (1) the regional water allocation markets in single regional is monopoly by the regional Farm Irrigation Association. (2) The regional water allocation markets in the regional, which the water supply system is connect, duopoly by two nearby regional Farm Irrigation Associations. It could be taken as a base to propose a reasonable water transferring system to lower the transaction cost. The result of this research can be used to promote the interests of all water users and to increase the efficiency of water utilization.

This paper intends to analyze the market structure of the regional water allocation markets in Taiwan. This paper modeling Cournot competition in the regional water allocation markets in Taiwan. By theoretical and empirical analysis, we find (1) the regional water allocation markets in single regional is monopoly by the regional Farm Irrigation Association. (2) The regional water allocation markets in the regional, which the water supply system is connect, duopoly by two nearby regional Farm Irrigation Associations. It could be taken as a base to propose a reasonable water transferring system to lower the transaction cost. The result of this research can be used to promote the interests of all water users and to increase the efficiency of water utilization.