當代臺灣原漢通婚的世代變遷與性別差異

Generational Change and Gender Difference in the Ethnic Intermarriage between Indigenous and Han People

本文透過觀察臺灣原住民族親代與子代婚姻行為的差異，檢視臺灣原漢族群界線之變遷，旨在增補當代原住民族通婚論述中，相對缺乏的代間移轉及族群、性別層面的討論。本文主要運用「原住民社會變遷與政策評估調查資料」，自世代、性別、族群與家庭代間等面向檢視原住民與漢人之間的族群通婚，並從親代及子代的婚配狀況觀察代間族群婚姻界線的改變。研究發現如下：（1）總體而言越年輕世代原漢通婚比例越高，族群界線隨世代漸趨模糊；（2）教育對原住民族男性而言作用較女性為大，男性自高中／職以上方有較高的通婚比例；（3）自1970年代外省男性與原住民族女性的婚配潮以降，原住民男性的通婚傾向隨世代遞增，而女性則隨世代遞減；（4）親代婚配對子代婚配有明顯影響，親代通婚子代越易通婚，代間族群界線有益發模糊的趨勢，父親通婚的影響大於母親通婚的影響；（5）兩代通婚家庭中，親代通婚族群的偏好，並未反應在子代的族群擇偶偏向上。 The main purpose of this paper is to detect the shifting ethnic boundaries in terms of the indigenous parent-child paired marital patterns, and hope to enrich the relatively understudied transferring patterns among generations and gender difference in contemporary intermarriage research in Taiwan. Based on the survey conducted in the Project of Socio-Economic Changes and Policy Assessment Among Taiwanese Indigenous Populations, we examine the shifting ethnic boundaries between the indigenous and Han people from the aspects of generation, gender, ethnicity, and family. The main findings are as fellows. (1) In general, the intermarriage rate is higher in younger cohort, and the ethnic boundaries become more indistinct among cohorts from generation to generation. (2) The social barrier to intermarriage is much tougher to surmount for indigenous men than for women, moreover, the effect of education attainment in the out-marriage with Han people is more substantial for male than female. (3) At the beginning of the intermarriage trend between veterans and indigenous women in 1970s, the intermarriage tendency increased gradually in male cohorts but decreased in female cohorts. (4) In addition, the biracial offspring who having Han and indigenous parents are more likely to out-marry Han people, hence the ethnic boundaries between generations become more and more blurry. (5) However, in the indigenous and Han mixed-race family, the parents' out-marry preference is not reflected on their children.

The main purpose of this paper is to detect the shifting ethnic boundaries in terms of the indigenous parent-child paired marital patterns, and hope to enrich the relatively understudied transferring patterns among generations and gender difference in contemporary intermarriage research in Taiwan. Based on the survey conducted in the Project of Socio-Economic Changes and Policy Assessment Among Taiwanese Indigenous Populations, we examine the shifting ethnic boundaries between the indigenous and Han people from the aspects of generation, gender, ethnicity, and family. The main findings are as fellows. (1) In general, the intermarriage rate is higher in younger cohort, and the ethnic boundaries become more indistinct among cohorts from generation to generation. (2) The social barrier to intermarriage is much tougher to surmount for indigenous men than for women, moreover, the effect of education attainment in the out-marriage with Han people is more substantial for male than female. (3) At the beginning of the intermarriage trend between veterans and indigenous women in 1970s, the intermarriage tendency increased gradually in male cohorts but decreased in female cohorts. (4) In addition, the biracial offspring who having Han and indigenous parents are more likely to out-marry Han people, hence the ethnic boundaries between generations become more and more blurry. (5) However, in the indigenous and Han mixed-race family, the parents' out-marry preference is not reflected on their children.