日本生態工法在台灣河川的應用意義

The application of Japanese Ecological Engineering and its environmental meaning in Taiwan river

本研究試著從解析日本生態工法之意義，再探索對台灣之生態環境是否有參考價值或影響。「生態工法」在台灣的發展歷程將近5年，2002年末開始以如火如荼般的速度推進。一連串針對大專院校教師或一般相關業者的「生態工法」種子教師訓練營或「生態工法」研習營等等持續開班授課教育。基於台灣與日本之歷史淵源與自然、人文條件之相似性遠比歐洲及美洲或其他地區類似。本文擬先探究日本「傳統工法」與目前台灣所稱之「生態工法」涵意之異同？從瞭解「生態工法」之基礎意義，再探討其涵蓋之範圍？以及「生態工法」之真正目的為何？本文最終期待能整理出日本相關方面之作法供台灣相關單位參考並落實到社會基層。

Needless to mention about the concept of Near Natural River and Stream Management that was brought out by Seifert, Germany since 1938. Regarding the term “Ecological Engineering” that was submitted by H. T. Odum in 1962, nearly half century had passed by; yet, there are little related effects in this field in Taiwan. The “Ecological Engineering” in Taiwan has been developed for nearly five years and become matured since the late 2002. In order to promote it to the new comers vigorously, there are some training camps available for university lecturers and related traders to become the “instructor” in this field on creating ecological products. Until now, there are many new classes, which are related to the “ecological engineering” study camp that has been carried out. However, handicaps still occurs in rural areas. Due to the similarities on history, nature and human conditions between Japan and Taiwan, it is more appropriate to learn from Japan, than from Europe, America or other areas. Therefore, this article will try to draft out the differences and similarities of “Traditional Engineering” and investigate what is so-called “Ecological Engineering”? What is the range of “Ecological Engineering”? What is the purpose of using “Ecological Engineering”? What is the basic meaning of “ecological engineering”? Finally, this article is expected to provide suitable procedures, in order to achieve the target of putting “Ecological Engineering” in place of even low-educated area into practice.