法律推定的故意傷害罪、故意殺人罪研究－－以聚眾鬥毆致人重傷、死亡為焦點

A Study on Crime of Intentional Injury and Crime of Intentional Homicide Inferred by Law-Focus on Bad Injuries and Death Caused by Fight Together

對於聚眾鬥毆致人重傷、死亡以及非法拘禁使用暴力、刑訊逼供、暴力取證、虐待被監管人致人傷殘、死亡的，刑法規定按照故意傷害罪、故意殺人罪定罪處罰。這既非法律擬制，也非注意規定，而是為了減輕犯罪檢控的證明負擔所作的法律推定。即，推定致人重傷（傷殘）的行為人具有傷害故意，致人死亡的行為人具有殺人故意，分別構成故意傷害罪、故意殺人罪；參與犯罪的其他成員對於加害行為有加功作用的，推定其成立故意傷害罪、故意殺人罪的共犯。推定產生證明責任倒置的效果，辯護方反駁推定須承擔完全意義上的證明責任，且其反駁證明應達到令人信服的程度。

Criminal law provides for conviction and punishment in accordance with intentional injury and intentional homicide if the perpetrators are injured, killed and illegally detained using violence, torture, violence, evidence,non-legal fiduciary,nor does it pay attention to the provisions, but to reduce the burden of proof of the prosecution of the legal presumption, resulting in the presumption that the perpetrators causing serious injury ( disability) have intentional intentions and the perpetrators causing death have intentional intentions. Respectively, constitute a crime of intentional assault, intentional homicide; other members of the crime involved in the act of aggravating the effect of the work, presumably to set up intentional injury, intentional homicide. Presumption of proof of the effect of the burden of proof, the defender refuses to assume the full sense of the burden of proof, and its rebuttal proof should be convincing.