構成要件保護目的與過失犯結果不法的規範限縮

The Normative Protection Purpose of Constitution and Norm Limitation of Negligent Crime's Consequence Unlawfulness

在客觀歸責理論中，構成要件效力範圍沒有必要作為獨立的階層，其下位規則應在風險製造與風險實現兩個階層重新安置。構成要件保護目的是風險實現階層的指導原理。過失犯的結果歸責必須在結果預見可能性基礎上，根據構成要件保護目的進行全面的利益權衡。在具體判斷時，構成要件保護目的理論先于合法替代行為理論，後者在前者無法得出有效結論時才會起作用，因為規範本身原則上有效，所以先判斷規範的保護範圍，在特殊情況下才會判斷規範的效力。構成要件保護目的對異常因果流程、合意的他人危險化、第三人責任範圍等特殊情形的判斷，也有重要指導作用。

In the objective imputation theory, the scope of validity of constitution is not necessary to be an independent class. The core element for determining the scope of validity of constitution is the protective purpose of constitution, which is the governing principle of the risk realization class. The results imputation of negligent offense must keep full interest balance based on the protective purpose of constitution. The Empirical judgment provided by the possibility rules of the results forecasting is not enough. The constraint framework of the consequence without value indicates that the theory of protective purpose of constitution is prior to the behavior theory of legitimate replacement. The latter functions only when the former couldn't get effective conclusion. Because the norm is effective in principle, the protective scope of the specification should be judged firstly, and then, the normative validity would be judged only in specific situation. In addition, the protective purpose of constitution plays an important role in the behavior of legitimate replacement, the abnormal causal process, perceived risk of others, the third party liability and so on.