學術視域中的國家科研資助－－以人文社會科學資助為主的考察

Government Research Funding and the Right of Academic Activities

國家科研資助是授益性的行政行為，與一般的行政資助相比，它具有更加鮮明的競爭性、專業性、引導性、責任性等諸多特點。國家實施科研資助具有實現公共利益和保障公民學術活動利益的雙重目標，在繁榮哲學社會科學的語境下，積極保障公民學術活動利益有利於學術繁榮。我國現行科研資助體系在形式和內容上正日益完備，但從激勵學術創新創造活力、調動學術研究積極性及實現學術受益權能上分析，現行國家科研資助體系資助管理在法定性、平等性、專業性、公正性、自主性等方面仍存在極需進一步改進和完善之處。

As to the Constitutions of many countries in the world, the freedom of academic research is a fundamental right of citizens. The right of academic freedom is not only a negative right, but also a positive one. As a positive right, freedom of academic research need the guarantee of material and legal system, and it's the duty of government to supply research funding. In the process of modern-state growth, the state and the citizen, the power and the right go forward together, but the right must be the basic value. Accordingly, the purpose of the distribution of public resources is to guarantee the rights of academic research, and the process must be fair and equitable. At present, the government research funding of China is growing rapidly, however, there is still a long way to ensure the objectivity and impartiality of the distribution.