形體特徵對分類行為的意象空間之影響

THE EFFECTS OF FORM FEATURES TO MENTAL SPACE IN CATEGORIZATION

本文在探討不同訓練背景之受測者對形體風格概念的形成，和形態認知分類的關係。有關人類如何能依據形體之特性來做分類，其可能牽涉到多種認知層面之問題，本文則將探討重點集中在形體特徵構成與分類行為的關係上。本研究將實驗樣本以3D基本幾何體為基礎，在各賦予特定而具有規則性之幾何特徵之情況下，由不同訓練背景之受測者依其自身感覺，進行分群，再以分群結果，進行聚群與多向度評量分析。從上述兩種分析之結果顯示，受測者在分群時，確實與某些特定特徵所組成的複合性特徵有明顯之關係，此種現象，尤其在聚群分析中更明確。最後並以迴歸分析計算各特徵之顯著性加權值，其結果更証明各特徵之突顯性差異確實是影響受測者進行逐步分群的行為。本研究同時也發現，即使兩組受測者都有以特徵之突顯性考量在進行分群，但兩組之特徵突顯性在聚群分析時出現有些差異，這也可反應出不同造型訓練背景之受測者，對於各複合特徵在其進行分類時所代表之意義，會有其若干程度之認知差異。

This paper is a study of the relationship between the formation of concepts about forms and styles and the categorization of forms by subjects with different training backgrounds. How people categorize forms according to form features may involve different levels of cognition. In the study, emphasis is placed upon the relations between the structure of form features and people’s categorical behaviors. With basic 3D forms that possess regular geometric form features as materials, two groups of subjects, with different training backgrounds, were asked to classify 32 images according to their first impressions. The results of classification were then analyzed by MDS (multi-dimensional scaling) and cluster analysis. From the experiment, it has been found that the subjects’ classification process is greatly related to the compound form features. This phenomenon is more evident in cluster analysis. Finally, the weights of the salience of each individual form feature were calculated by regression analysis. The results indicate that the salience of each feature has profound impact upon the subject’s categorical behaviors. It also shows that subjects with different training backgrounds will have different salience effects from different compound features. It indicates that each compound feature will have different meanings for different subject groups during their categorization.