駐外國及國際組織執法聯絡官之分析與比較

The Analysis and Comparison of Overseas Liaison Officer and Liaison Officer in International Organization

國際社會受全球化效應的影響，跨國犯罪呈現日益嚴重的趨勢，各國執法機關憑一己之力已難以全般掌握偵防線索及瓦解組織犯罪集團。面對犯罪之國際化、組織化及科技化，各國執法機關無法僅於國內管轄區蒐集犯罪情資，必須主動進行跨國執法合作，延伸打擊犯罪的範圍。儘管目前已有諸如國際刑警組織等執法合作機制，建構跨國的犯罪情資交流系統，對於國際社會打擊跨國犯罪顯有助益。然而，該種情資交流系統仍無法涵蓋國際執法合作的所有需求。例如，打擊跨國組織犯罪集團的「多邊同步執法行動」，便需要更即時、更有彈性的聯絡管道。針對此種情況，聯絡官機制即可予以有效的協助與補強。由於我國受到國際政治的影響，使得我國參與國際執法合作組織的正當性及方便性因而受影響，聯絡官機制反而成為我國推動國際執法合作的重要管道。因此，對於聯絡官機制類型、角色、職務、在各國不同司法制度下所遭遇的困境及未來發展等議題的探討，將有助於我國推動國際執法合作事務，提升跨國犯罪防制的效能。

Under the impact of globalization effect, transnational crimes seem to become serious gradually. Law enforcement agencies of all countries are not able to control complete investigation and prevention clues to dismantle organized crime group by themselves. Therefore, with respect to crime’s internationalized, organized and technological feature, law enforcement agencies should not only collect criminal intelligence within domestic jurisdiction. Transnational law enforcement cooperation and spread of crime-fighting scope become necessary. Despite the enhanced and expanded information exchange facilities available through Interpol and other cooperation organizations contributing international society against transnational crimes, these information exchange systems are still not enough to satisfy all needs of international law enforcement cooperation. For example, multilateral and simultaneous law enforcement operation, in fighting transnational organized crime, needs more immediate and flexible liaison channels. In case of this situation, liaison officer system can assist and compensate effectively. Since the challenge of international politics, Taiwan encounters difficulties in participating international cooperation organizations of law enforcement. Liaison officer system accordingly becomes the primary approach of international law enforcement cooperation in Taiwan. Through exploration of the type, role, function, challenge and future development of liaison officer system, this article intends to reveal enlightenment to law enforcement agencies in Taiwan.