俞樾《毛詩平議》訓詁疏證初探

A Study of Yu Yue’s Mao Shi Ping Yi

本文選取俞樾《毛詩平議》中十例為證，探析俞樾在《詩經》訓詁上的侷限與不足之處。本研究根據《毛傳》、鄭《箋》與《毛詩平議》中對《詩經》的訓詁為主要討論對象，並透過相關傳世文獻加以考辨俞樾於《詩經》訓詁詮釋之優劣得失，復以甲骨文、金文等地下材料加以驗證，以求對《詩經》文字、語言能多方掌握，復以歸納之方法詳加推求，將俞樾《詩經》訓詁未盡完善之相關問題加以討論，發現俞樾《毛詩平議》雖對《詩經》訓詁用力甚深，但仍有若干詮釋未妥、立論略嫌不足、穿鑿附會之遺憾。通過對俞樾《詩經》訓詁問題的詳細驗證與討論，期能對《詩經》的訓解方面有更深入、全面的認識，同時標誌訓詁考據對傳世經典研究的重要性，以提供相關研究者參考與商榷。

This article selects ten examples from Yu Yue’s Mao Shi Ping Yi to show the limitation and deficiency of his critical interpretation of The Book of Songs. The study consults with Mao Zhuan, Zheng Kang-cheng’s commentary, and several later literatures on The Book of Songs, to evidence Yu Yue’s critical achievement and shortcomings. It also takes examples from oracle bone scripts and bronze ware inscriptions as counterpoints to elucidate usages of words in The Book of Songs. Applying inductive methods to discuss some problematic interpretations Yu Yue made, this article finds that in Yu Yue’s study, albeit a serious piece and highly respected, some interpretations are inappropriate, some arguments weak, and some analogies farfetched. This study of Yu Yue hopes to provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of The Book of Songs and to call the readers’ attention to the importance of textual criticism and expository commentary in the study of classical texts.