明清文士周京生平及其入清後游幕考

A Study of the Ming-Qing Intellectual Zhou Jing and His Career as an Advisor after 1644

周京，字雨郇，號向山，江南江寧府上元縣人；生於明末天啟六年（1626），卒年當在清初康熙四十二年（1703）之後；工詩文，操選政，懂醫術，廣游幕，喜交友，在明末清初的金陵文人圈中頗為活躍。現存著作包括選輯兩部附有自稿的詩文選本——《近代詩鈔》和《向山近鈔尺牘小品》；編校刊刻了兩部明代醫學著作——《醫林繩墨大全》和《活幼心法大全》。囿於文獻資料的匱乏，清代以來的研究者對於金陵周京的評述多有錯訛之處。茲從其人、其作和游幕經歷三方面略作考辨梳理，並冀望還原明末清初普通文人的生存境遇。

Zhou Jing (courtesy name Yuxun, pseudonym Xiangshan) was born in Shangyuan Countyin Jiangning Prefecture in the sixth year of the Tianqi reign (1626). According to theinference of academic circles, the date of his death should be after the forty-second year ofthe Kangxi reign (1703). He was very active in the circle of the Jinling literati in the lateMing and early Qing Dynasties, because he was proficient in literary creation and medicalskills, fond of sociality, and active in his career as an advisor of local officials and literaryselector. Existing books include two selected works (Jindai shichao and Xiangshan jinchaochidu xiaopin), which include both poems and prose, and two medical books (Yilin shengmodaquan and Huoyou xinfa daquan), which are both adapted from previous medical literature.Owing to the lack of materials, there have been many mistakes in the reviews of Zhou Jingby researchers since the Qing Dynasty. This paper aims at restoring the living circumstancesof ordinary literati in the middle of the seventeenth century by analyzing Zhou Jing’s life,works, and career.