商管領域掠奪型出版：學術期刊黑名單與白名單及因應建議

Predatory Publishing in Business and Management Journal Whitelists/Blacklists and Cautionary Notes

學術出版業的傳統模式是使用者付費，經由訂閱學術期刊來閱讀、使用學術論文。由於此出版業長期被全球少數大出版商壟斷，期刊訂閱費居高不下，於是學術界催生了開放取用 （open access） 模式，主張由發表者付費，刊登的論文可免費下載，開放使用。但新模式卻衍生出以謀利為目的的出版商和期刊，收費即可刊登，棄審稿把關的前提於不顧，形成所謂掠奪型出版 （predatory publishing） 和偽科學 （pseudo-science）。本文從開放取用的演進談起，介紹掠奪型出版的真相、特徵、品質、投稿者和收費情形，再討論商管領域掠奪型出版的特性和造成的影響，並探討台灣商管學者涉入掠奪型期刊的狀況，進而評述學術期刊黑名單和白名單的現況及其困境，最後提出四項因應建議，分別供學者、博士班負責人、大學和學術單位、教育部和科技部參考，期減少商管領域學術研究及其評量制度受到汙染。

The traditional model of science knowledge dissemination and academic journal publishing is “pay-to-read”. Users read and use journal papers via subscription of journals and databases. This model overtime enables major publishers to dominate the industry. Constantly facing subscription fee hikes, the academics has thus developed an open access model, one that is “pay-to-publish” and allows free use of published papers by anyone who is interested. Despite the positive intention, the new model opens an opportunity for publishers and journals that are interested solely in making profit. Naturally, it results in predatory open access (POA) and pseudo-science. This study first outlines the evolution of open access and introduces POA in terms of its operations, quality, users, and fees. Second, it presents the common characteristics of POA in business and management and the impact of such publishing as well as how business scholars in Taiwan have involved in POA. Third, it addresses the current status of journal whitelists and blacklists and their limitations. In the final section, this study makes suggestions specifically for individual researchers, doctoral program directors, university administrators, and the Ministry of Education in a hope to minimize the contamination of POA on academic research and appraisal system.