休閒登山步道攤商活動之研究──以臺中市大坑南觀音山步道為例

A Research on the Activities of Vendors in Nan-Guanyinshan Hiking Trail

台中市大坑地區步道不僅是運動的場所，同時帶起地方商機，除了原有的大坑圓環商圈外，步道周圍聚集各式攤販，賣起登山用品、果腹充飢的各種食物、飲料、在地農特產… 等等。許多遊客把爬山當逛菜市場，成為步道的奇特地景。步道的攤商經濟活動不同於都市商圈和夜市，有其特殊性，但相關研究甚少。本文選取大坑最早出現灘商的南觀音山步道作為個案，除了分析攤商之發展過程、攤商的空間結構之外；並以人文生態模式探討攤商、登山消費者、攤商組織、攤商生產銷售技術之間的關係，來了解步道的攤商活動。
首先，南觀音山步道攤商活動變遷，歷經亞哥花園開幕人潮 （1983 年）、921 震災促成登山人潮與攤商增加 （1999~2006 年）、9 號步道興建與攤商由盛轉衰 （2007~2011 年） 等三個時期。其次，步道攤商分佈，隨距離和坡度增加，攤位密度逐漸遞減；並以飲食類和農食物類為主，農食物類多為「自種」的當季葉菜或蔬果；另有挽面、養生草藥等特殊攤商。最後，攤商關係包含親友社會關係、老攤默契與競爭關係；攤商具有登山者、生產者、步道維護者等多重轉換身份；設攤時間、販賣產品的選擇，以及依應地勢的擺攤方式，都是步道設攤的維生技術。

There is a new trend for going hiking in DaKeng. Many people come to DaKeng for not only hiking but shopping. In order to fit the needs of hikers and tourists, many vendors start to gather around the trails, selling hiking commodities, foods, drinks and local agricultural products. And, it makes great business opportunities for the locals at the same time. It has become a unique landscape that a lot of visitors view going hiking as visiting around traditional Taiwan markets. Selling products on trails is a way which is different from commercial district (zone) or night- market. However, there are few papers to discuss about this topic. This study explores activities of Vendors in Nan-Guanyinshan Hiking Trail which is built the earliest in DaKeng, and analyzes its development and the spatial distribution of Vendors. Moreover, it attempts to probe into the relation between groupings of vendors and selling techniques from Ecological complex view. First, development of vendors in Nan-Guanyinshan Hiking Trail has gone through three periods: In 1983, Encore Garden opened with a lot of crowds here. During 1999- 2006, hikers and vendors grew up by chance after 921 earthquake happened. During 2007- 2011, Quantity of vendors decreased after DaKeng No.9 Hiking Trail was built. Second, following the distance and slope increase, the density of vendors on trail reduces gradually. Food, drink and agricultural food are the main characteristic here. Especially, agricultural food emphasizes that fresh produce is grown in time and marketed by oneself. Furthermore, some vendors sell traditional chinese medicine materials or medicinal liquor, and others provide unique service such as “Facial Threading”. Finally, article discusses about social relationship, competitive relations, and silent understanding of vendors. Some of vendors have multiple roles, like hiker, producer or hiking trail maintainer, and can switch it at the same time. Vendors use some technology (skills) for livelihood, including working time, the product kinds and the ways for setting up a vendor's stand with landform.