跨越疆界的異質烏托邦：簡愛中的階級掙扎

Crossing the Boundaries: Heterotopia and Struggles in Jane Eyre

本論文試以性別與階級的觀點從新閱讀«簡愛»，並以傅柯的異質烏托邦分析該作品。而分析的結果驚異地發現在這本19 世紀經典小說中，它呈現出性別與階級差異的無法穿越性。雖然夏綠蒂•布朗黛不斷地試圖突破這份藩籬，這種人在社會上分別彼此的意識型態卻一直存在，影響並困擾著不同時代與文化的主體。而這種突破的意向更凸顯了布朗黛«簡愛»的矛盾性與悲劇色彩。

Among the discourses of humanity, topics related to sexuality have always been flickeringin the twilight because sexual desire represents a skeptical issue on the platform of academics,and its related studies have to face the challenges from other rigid disciplines. However, associety proceeds, the academics’ attitude tends to become more tolerant. Class, race andgender issues as potential problems in ancient and contemporary texts, from the West and theEast alike is no more confined in conservatism.A major significance for new readers to learn from those sensitive issues in the existingtexts is not only how they are treated, but also how history and culture transforms theperiodical and temporary views of thinking about them. This paper serves as an attempt tore-read Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre (1849) with a critical approach based on MichelFoucault’s concept of heterotopia. Heterotopia in this novel seems to facilitate thedemolishment of class and sexual boundaries on the surface, but the finding of the analysisturns to be surprising: Brontë fails to emancipate her female protagonist from the classstruggle even though she endeavors to do so in the story. As a result, the heterotopia inJaneEyre does not transcend the social constraint imposed by the paternalistic social hegemony inthe 19th-century, but further solidifies the immovability of such paternalistic social constraintand class stratification.