《孟子》末章與理學道統論

The Interpretation of the Last Chapter of Mengzi and the Theory of Confucian Orthodoxy

《孟子》末章與理學道統論有著密切關係，朱熹在對此章所作的解釋中試圖以其作為道統論的文本依據，賦予了此章以道統論的內容。但朱熹的這一過度詮釋中多有前後矛盾抵牾之處，且涉及理學道統論的關鍵問題：道統傳承譜系、道統傳承方式以及根本的道統合法性。探討後儒對這些問題的厘清和對朱熹之說的回應，進而由此反思理學道統論的內在問題和外在影響，對於了解宋明學術思想之發展以及明清學術之轉型，皆有啟發意義。

The last chapter of Mengzi was related to the Neo-Confucian theory of orthodoxy, in his interpretation, Zhu Xi tried to make this chapter as the textual basis, this was why he explained this chapter with the theory of orthodoxy. However, Zhu Xi's overinterpretation contained some divergences, which would influence the the legitimacy of the theory of Confucian orthodoxy, the lineage of orthodoxy, the way of orthodoxy's transmission. By exploring how the Confucianists dealt with these problems and how they respond to the interpretation of Zhu Xi, we can reflect on the internal problems and external effect of the Neo-Confucian theory of orthodoxy, this reflection can be a great inspiration for us to understand more clearly about the development of Neo-Confucianism and the transition of Confucianism from the late Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.