康德之良知內在法庭觀與王陽明致良知話頭之工夫

Kant's Court of Conscience and the Illumination of Conscience in Wang Yang-ming

本文主旨：在以比較哲學觀點探討康德之良知法庭觀以及王陽明之致良知話頭功夫論之異同，進而闡揚陽明之良知虛靈明覺即康德所謂智的直覺，可體悟良知公設而彰顯至誠、大公、惻怛、自在灑落之境界，以作為康德之上帝神聖法庭在人心中之聲音，而明陽明之良知觀實可開拓康德良知觀之新視野。以下共分六節依序陳明作者以上之觀點：(1) 康德之良知內在法庭：良知檢察官以及良知內在道德律；(2) 陽明之良知慎獨及良知天理：誠意；(3) 良知內在法庭:良知法官以及良知公正原理；(4) 陽明之廓然大公的良知天理；(5) 康德之上帝神聖法庭；(6) 陽明致良知話頭之功夫論。

This paper is an inquiry into the Kant's theory of court of conscience and the doctrine of conscience in Wang Yang-ming from the point of view of the comparative philosophy. The thesis consists of six parts: (1) Kant's inner court of conscience: the prosecutor of conscience and inner law of conscience; (2) the law of conscience: sincerity in Wang Yang-ming; (3) inner court of conscience: the judge of conscience and the principle of justice; (4) the principle of justice of conscience in Wang Yang-ming; (5) the holy court of God in Kant; (6) the illumination of conscience is the voice of God's holy court in the perspective of Wang Yang-ming.