從胡塞爾現象學中「知覺意識」與「想像意識」二者間之互為奠基問題來看「知識」如何能被建立

How Can “Knowledge” Be Built in Consideration of The Problem of Reciprocal Founding between “Perceptual Consciousness” and “Imaginational Consciousness” in Husserl's Phenomenology

本文嘗試通過對胡塞爾現象學思路的追溯，探討在「客觀存在性被主觀地認識」，或即「意識心靈以其固有的本質存在方式主觀地認識到一切客觀存在性（作為現象之主觀被給予的「事物本身」）」之「認識」活動裡，「知覺意識」與「想像意識」此二意識如何發揮著重要的基本核心功能。因此主要的任務，無非就是廓清「知覺意識」與「想像意識」各自固有的本質特性和此二者間本質的相互關係，以便闡明「沒有知覺，就沒有想像；沒有想像，則知識畢竟無法被建立」此一根本要旨。故本文所涉內容將依序展開如下：一、意識心靈與自然實在性：「超越知覺」與偶然超越性v.s.「內在知覺」與絕對內在性；二、反思活動作為內在意向體驗的基本特性及其限制；三、「知覺意識」與「想像意識」的基本區分及其本質的互為奠基關係；四、「想像意識」在意向體驗的「極限」認識活動中所擔負之「修正補充」的極限化功能——就「意識之內在時間化」與不同「發生」層次階段、不同種類的「意識」之相互交錯的可能情形對其更進一步深入解明。

Throught tracing back to a train of thought of phenomenology by Husserl, this article tries to probe into how “perceptual consciousness” and “imaginational consciousness” in “knowing” of “objective existence is known subjectively” or namely “conscious mind knows every objective existence (subjectively given “thing itself” as phenomenon) by it's own essential mode of existence subjectively” important fundamental central roles play. Hence major task here is nothing more than to clean up respective own essential character of “perceptual consciousness” and “imaginational consciousness” and essential reciprocal relation between both, in order to clarify this fundamental main idea “No perception, no imagination. No imagination, knowledge cannot be built after all”. Therefore the related subject matters of this article will unfold orderly as follow: 1. conscious mind and natural reality: “transcendent perception” and contingent transcendence v.s. “immanent perception” and absolute immanence; 2. the reflection as fundamental character of immanent intentional mental process and its limitation; 3. fundamental differentiation between “perceptual consciousness” and “imaginational consciousness”, and their relation of essential reciprocal founding; 4. The ultimating function of “corrective complementarity” undertook by “imaginational consciousness” in “ultimate” knowing of intentional mental process: To solve this problem furtherly deeply in consideration of the reciprocally interlaced possible situations between “immanent constituting-as-temporal of consciousness” and consciousness of different levels/stages of “genesis” and of different kinds.