城市管理複雜系統的治理結構

Governance Structure with Complex Systems for Urban Management

1990年代起的臺灣城市發展與規劃，大體如同1970年代起的美國、並似乎喻示2010年代起的大陸，歷經了自身內部民主化與外部環境全球化的衝擊與洗禮。除產業轉型、人口變動、政策更迭、與政黨輪替等群體現象行為外，更有著公共管理者、多方當事人、與複合領域專家等個體角色由傳統統治、現代管理、而後現代治理的發展階段，在資訊、知識、價值、與倫理等本質認知的結構與內涵的變遷與移轉。Morçöl （2014）認為公共政策的複雜性理論其概念和方法雖然已被應用在公共事務管理的研究上，但相關這些應用的綜合性框架尚付之闕如。本文即嘗試從城市管理複雜系統之觀點解構，參考美國公共事務學術專業的領域界定與發展經驗提出公共事務管理參考架構，並藉助應用心理學整合描述性的認知判斷分析，作為解讀詮釋個體認知與群體互動的理論基礎。乃至導入中華文化中對於人心人性的規範性剖析，並參照研究結論應較可對應涵蓋治理結構，初探建構城市管理複雜系統之治理框架芻想，以作為簡化普及理解與操作城市管理與公共事務的參照基礎，提供未來研究公共事務複雜性理論發展和應用參考。

1990s, urban development and planning in Taiwan have resembled those in the 1970s in United States. This apparently indicates that China has experienced its own internal democratization and the impact of the external globalization since the 2010s. In addition to industrial restructuring, changes in demographics, in policy, and in party rotation for the groups of behavior and the phenomenon, but also has a public manager, multi-party, and experts in the field of composite with individual role from the traditional domination, modern management, and related changes of cognitive essence; governance structure; meaning of information, knowledge, values, and ethics in the post-modern development stage. Morçöl (2014) reported that, although public policy concepts and methods have been used in studies and theories of public affairs management, a comprehensive framework related to these applications has not been developed. This article reference the U.S. public affairs academic areas of expertise and management reference architectures from the viewpoint of the city to try to manage complex systems of deconstruction with the applied psychology’s integration of cognitive and descriptive analysis of the theoretical basis of the judgment as an interpretation of individual perception and group interaction. By considering Chinese Culture in a normative analysis of the human heart may seek and construction governance structure as a referring to the foundation of public affairs. This approach simplifies understanding of urban management with complex systems and referring base for public affairs operations.