鄰避型公共設施之環境態度與更新接受意願之研究－－以台北市為例

ENVIRONMENTAL ATTITUDES TOWARD NIMBY FACILITY RENEWAL: A TAIPEI CASE STUDY

本研究以1997年752位台北市民之家戶訪談資料為基礎，進行鄰避型公共設施之環境態度與更新接受意願之分析。研究結果發現，大多數受訪民眾對鄰避型公共設施的態度具持平的看法，而不少受訪民眾顯示了某種程度的「鄰避情結」。超過百分之五十的受訪民眾不同意「政府已經提供了足夠的公共設施相關風險資訊」的說法，這些受訪民眾明白地表達了他們對政府在處理鄰避型公共設施設置或更新問題時無法扮演足夠的角色之關切。經由因子分析的操作，本研究由受訪民眾的環境態度中歸納出心理、社會公平、政治決策、動機與行動等五個因子，其中以心理因子、社會公平因子與動機因子最為受訪民眾重視。經由Pearson相關分析及淨相關分析的結果得知，受訪民眾對鄰避型公共設施的更新接受意願與性別、教育程度、及年齡均具有顯著的負相關，亦即女性較男性的接受意願要高，而教育程度愈高者、年紀愈長者其接受意願愈低。而不同社經屬性的受訪民眾和環境態度因子之間具有某種程度的關係，其中性別、教育程度、年齡、家庭收入等四個變數和五個環境態度因子之間具有預期的統計上之關聯性，而教育程度是這五個因子中最有力的解釋變數，但是當控制住其他變數時，家庭收入和環境態度因子之間便不具統計上的相關，而居住期間的長短則和環境態度因子之間不具統計上顯著的相關性。

A citywide interview of 752 Taipei residents conducted in 1997 provided data on residents' environmental attitudes toward NIMBY facilities. Taipei residents expressed a modest concern toward NIMBY facilities and expressed the concern with the government's ability to deal with the facility siting and renewal information. Factor analysis revealed that there are five sub-scales for NIMBY facility attitudes: psychological, social equity, political decision, motivation, and action. Analysis of the relationships of the various social characteristics to respondents' willingness to accept (WTA) factors was carried out using Pearson bivariate correlation and Partial correlation procedures. Overall, female respondents have higher WTA scores than male and younger respondents have higher WTA scores than older ones. Those individuals having a higher education tend to have lower scores of WT A. Correlation analysis revealed that bivariate relationships could be found between social characteristics and NIMBY facility factors. Gender, education, age, and family income were found to show bivariate relationships with all the five NIMBY facility factors, with the relationship between family income and psychological dropped to non-significance when the effects of the other variables were held constant. Years of residence and number of residents in our study showed no significant relationships with facility renewal factors.