台北市永續發展指標系統之建立與評估

THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABILITY INDICATOR SYSTEM FOR TAIPEI CITY

永續發展的觀念在「我們共同的未來」一書刊出後，即成為國際間面對環境問題及維護人類社會與自然生態互利共生的重要共識了。都市地區的永續發展，更是達到全球性永續發展的重要地方行動。永續性指標是用以評估都市永續發展趨向的衡量辦法，其不僅可對現況及趨勢描述，同時亦是規範現在與未來現象的評量指標。本文除了重新探討永續性都市的觀念、內涵及其衡量指標外，並以台北市為例，根據台北市自然環境及都市發展的演變及現況，定位其邁向永續性的途徑為：「透過台北市的經濟活力，強化都會維生系統，以提高都市生產效率與生活品質，使台北市成為具首都文化特色的山水都市」。本文以台北市整體之生態經濟系統的運作為觀點，探究台北市都市系統與自然、農業、水資源等維生服務，以及都市系統與廢棄物產出、環境管理間之互動關係，建立台北市都市永續發展的永續性指標系統。該指標系統概分為十個指標群，包含80個決策者指標，此80個決策者指標可作為市府相關部門診斷台北市邁向永續發展之工具。藉由台北市都市永續發展指標系統的建立，本文利用現有資料評估台北市都市永續發展的趨勢，但為使民眾更易於瞭解，本研究建議將決策指標綜合簡化為生態永續、水資源利用、經濟效率、資源自主、環境負荷、生活舒適、交通便捷、環境管理、社會安全及教育文化等十個民眾指標，並以紅黃綠燈號展示指標之現況。

Ever since the publication of Our Common Future, sustainable development has been accepted internationally as an important concept to resolve environmental problems for the symbiosis between natural environment and human society. Sustainable urban development has also become an important local action for global sustainability. Sustainability indicators can be used to describe and measure the trends of urban development. After discussing the concept, scope, and indicator of sustainable city, this paper uses Taipei as a case study to measure its sustainability. On the basis of natural processes and evolving urban development, the approach of marching Taipei toward a sustainable city is defined as: Reinforcing Taipei metropolis' life support system via it's vigorous economy for enhancing its urban productivity and quality of life to make Taipei a national capital with characteristics of nature and culture. From view point of holistic ecological economic system, the interrelationships between Taipei's life support services (e.q. nature, agriculture, and water), urban product, and environmental management are assessed to develop the indicator system of urban sustainability. There are 80 indicators which can be used to diagnose Taipei's sustainability. These indicators are further aggregated into ten indicators for general public and evaluated by signal lights (red, green, yellow).